Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
Biol Psychiatry. 2011 Mar 1;69(5):465-71. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.09.028. Epub 2010 Nov 18.
The ratio of scalp-recorded brain responses occurring 50 msec after paired clicks (S2-evoked P50/S1-evoked P50) serves as a measure of sensory gating. An abnormally large ratio is commonly found in schizophrenia and is considered as a sign of reduced sensory gating or otherwise dysfunctional organization of the auditory/verbal system as a factor contributing to psychopathology and cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia. This initial randomized clinical trial compared the efficacy of two 4-week, computer-based cognitive training methods that emphasize either auditory discrimination and verbal memory or a broader range of cognitive functions in schizophrenia.
Thirty-nine schizophrenia patients (ICD-F20.0 diagnosis) were assigned to Cognitive Exercises (CE) or Cognitive Package (Cogpack). The M50, the magnetoencephalographic analogue of electroencephalographic P50, and performance on verbal learning and memory tests were used to evaluate training effects.
As expected, patients exhibited higher pretreatment gating ratios than 28 age-matched healthy comparison participants. Gating ratios decreased after CE but not after Cogpack. Cognitive test performance improved more after CE than after Cogpack.
Appropriately specific psychological training changes the neural performance in schizophrenia, normalizing sensory and cognitive function.
头皮记录的脑反应与成对点击（S2 诱发的 P50/S1 诱发的 P50）之间出现的 50 毫秒的比值可作为感觉门控的测量指标。异常大的比值在精神分裂症中很常见，被认为是感觉门控降低或听觉/言语系统的组织功能障碍的标志，是导致精神分裂症患者精神病理学和认知功能障碍的一个因素。这项初步的随机临床试验比较了两种强调听觉辨别和言语记忆或更广泛的认知功能的 4 周计算机认知训练方法在精神分裂症中的疗效。
39 名精神分裂症患者（ICD-F20.0 诊断）被分配到认知练习（CE）或认知包（Cogpack）组。使用 M50、脑磁图模拟脑电图 P50 以及言语学习和记忆测试的表现来评估训练效果。
正如预期的那样，患者的门控比值高于 28 名年龄匹配的健康对照组。CE 治疗后门控比值下降，但 Cogpack 治疗后无变化。CE 治疗后的认知测试表现优于 Cogpack 治疗。
适当的特定心理训练改变了精神分裂症的神经表现，使感觉和认知功能正常化。
