Department of Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
J Adolesc Health. 2010 Dec;47(6):533-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.03.015. Epub 2010 May 14.
Interventions to improve physical activity (PA) might be successful when treatments are matched to the requirements of the recipients, in particular to their stage of change. This intervention study examines PA in Chinese high school students whose stage of change at the beginning of the study was identified.
Two minimal interventions (1 hour) were provided: resource communication and strategic planning. We assumed that preintenders would benefit in terms of PA frequency mainly from resource communication, and intenders would benefit from planning. Adolescents were assigned to an experimental and a control group. Moreover, they were divided according to stage (preintender, intender, actor). In the experimental group, each stage group received interventions. The data were analyzed with repeated measures analyses of variance (N = 534). Stage groups and treatment (resource communication, planning, and controls) were chosen as between-subjects factors. PA frequency was the dependent variable measured at two points in time 4 weeks apart (pre-post measures).
Preintenders in the resource communication condition improved their activity levels, whereas intenders increased their PA not only in the planning but also in resource communication conditions. Actors maintained their activity independently of the treatment they received, which was in line with the hypotheses.
Matching PA interventions for adolescents to at least two stages of change might be a promising approach. Those who are not motivated to exercise benefit from resource-based messages, whereas those who have behavioral intentions benefit from planning.
当治疗方法与接受者的需求（特别是与他们的改变阶段）相匹配时，改善身体活动（PA）的干预措施可能会取得成功。这项干预研究检查了处于研究开始时改变阶段的中国高中生的 PA。
提供了两种最小干预措施（1 小时）：资源沟通和策略规划。我们假设，对于 PA 频率，预意向者主要会从资源沟通中受益，意向者会从规划中受益。青少年被分配到实验组和对照组。此外，他们还根据阶段（预意向者、意向者、行动者）进行了划分。在实验组中，每个阶段组都接受了干预。使用重复测量方差分析（N=534）对数据进行分析。阶段组和治疗（资源沟通、规划和对照组）被选为组间因素。PA 频率是在相隔 4 周的两个时间点（预测-后测）测量的因变量。
资源沟通条件下的预意向者提高了他们的活动水平，而意向者不仅在规划条件下，而且在资源沟通条件下也增加了他们的 PA。行动者独立于他们所接受的治疗来维持他们的活动，这与假设一致。
将 PA 干预措施与青少年的至少两个改变阶段相匹配可能是一种有前途的方法。那些没有锻炼动机的人会受益于基于资源的信息，而那些有行为意向的人会受益于规划。
