Department of Plant Microbe Interactions and Plant Computational Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829 Cologne, Germany.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Dec 14;107(50):21896-901. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1003619107. Epub 2010 Nov 22.
At least two components that modulate plant resistance against the fungal powdery mildew disease are ancient and have been conserved since the time of the monocot-dicot split (≈ 200 Mya). These components are the seven transmembrane domain containing MLO/MLO2 protein and the syntaxin ROR2/PEN1, which act antagonistically and have been identified in the monocot barley (Hordeum vulgare) and the dicot Arabidopsis thaliana, respectively. Additionally, syntaxin-interacting N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor adaptor protein receptor proteins (VAMP721/722 and SNAP33/34) as well as a myrosinase (PEN2) and an ABC transporter (PEN3) contribute to antifungal resistance in both barley and/or Arabidopsis. Here, we show that these genetically defined defense components share a similar set of coexpressed genes in the two plant species, comprising a statistically significant overrepresentation of gene products involved in regulation of transcription, posttranslational modification, and signaling. Most of the coexpressed Arabidopsis genes possess a common cis-regulatory element that may dictate their coordinated expression. We exploited gene coexpression to uncover numerous components in Arabidopsis involved in antifungal defense. Together, our data provide evidence for an evolutionarily conserved regulon composed of core components and clade/species-specific innovations that functions as a module in plant innate immunity.
至少有两个调节植物对真菌白粉病抗性的成分是古老的，自单子叶植物和双子叶植物分化（约 2 亿年前）以来就一直保守着。这些成分是含有七跨膜结构域的 MLO/MLO2 蛋白和 syntaxin ROR2/PEN1，它们分别在单子叶植物大麦（Hordeum vulgare）和双子叶植物拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）中被识别，作用是拮抗的。此外， syntaxin 相互作用的 N-乙基马来酰亚胺敏感因子适应蛋白受体蛋白（VAMP721/722 和 SNAP33/34）以及一种糜蛋白酶（PEN2）和 ABC 转运蛋白（PEN3）有助于大麦和/或拟南芥的抗真菌性。在这里，我们表明，这些在遗传学上定义的防御成分在两种植物中共享一组相似的共表达基因，包括涉及转录、翻译后修饰和信号转导的基因产物的统计学上显著过表达。大多数共表达的拟南芥基因具有一个共同的顺式调控元件，可能决定它们的协调表达。我们利用基因共表达来揭示拟南芥中许多参与抗真菌防御的成分。总之，我们的数据为一个进化保守的调控模块提供了证据，该模块由核心成分和分支/物种特异性创新组成，作为植物先天免疫的一个模块发挥作用。
