Department of Pathology, Masih Daneshvari Hospital, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Shaheed Bahonar Avenue, Darabad, Tehran, Iran.
Chemotherapy. 2010;56(6):478-84. doi: 10.1159/000321032. Epub 2010 Nov 23.
This study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among common pathogens in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a university hospital in Iran between 2006 and 2009.
The isolates cultured in appropriate media and antimicrobial susceptibility were determined by disk diffusion tests according to the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.
A total of 606 isolates were recovered from respiratory (70.63%), urine (20.13%), blood (4.95%) and wound (1.82%) specimens of 456 patients. The most common isolates were Acinetobacter baumannii (22.4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20.6%), Staphylococcus aureus (11.1%), Escherichia coli (8.3%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (4.8%). Less than 7% of A. baumannii isolates were susceptible to aminoglycosides, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, imipenem, cefepime and ciprofloxacin. None was susceptible to piperacillin and piperacillin-tazobactam. The susceptibility rates of P. aeruginosa to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and piperacillin-tazobactam were 13.6, 17.4 and 33.3%, respectively. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus made up 96.2% of S. aureus isolates and was 100% susceptible to vancomycin and 51.9% susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
Due to the high antimicrobial resistance in the ICU, we must focus on both a wiser use of antimicrobials and the prevention of infection.
本研究旨在确定 2006 年至 2009 年期间伊朗一所大学医院重症监护病房（ICU）中常见病原体的药敏模式。
将培养于适当培养基中的分离物进行培养，并根据临床和实验室标准协会的指南通过纸片扩散试验确定其药敏性。
从 456 名患者的呼吸道（70.63%）、尿液（20.13%）、血液（4.95%）和伤口（1.82%）标本中分离出 606 株分离物。最常见的分离物是鲍曼不动杆菌（22.4%）、铜绿假单胞菌（20.6%）、金黄色葡萄球菌（11.1%）、大肠杆菌（8.3%）和肺炎克雷伯菌（4.8%）。少于 7%的鲍曼不动杆菌分离株对氨基糖苷类、头孢他啶、头孢噻肟、亚胺培南、头孢吡肟和环丙沙星敏感。对哌拉西林和哌拉西林-他唑巴坦均无敏感性。铜绿假单胞菌对环丙沙星、庆大霉素和哌拉西林-他唑巴坦的药敏率分别为 13.6%、17.4%和 33.3%。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌占金黄色葡萄球菌分离株的 96.2%，对万古霉素 100%敏感，对复方磺胺甲噁唑 51.9%敏感。
由于 ICU 中抗菌药物的高度耐药性，我们必须同时关注更明智地使用抗菌药物和预防感染。
