Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543.
Nat Chem. 2010 Dec;2(12):1015-24. doi: 10.1038/nchem.907. Epub 2010 Nov 23.
Chemically derived graphene oxide (GO) is an atomically thin sheet of graphite that has traditionally served as a precursor for graphene, but is increasingly attracting chemists for its own characteristics. It is covalently decorated with oxygen-containing functional groups - either on the basal plane or at the edges - so that it contains a mixture of sp(2)- and sp(3)-hybridized carbon atoms. In particular, manipulation of the size, shape and relative fraction of the sp(2)-hybridized domains of GO by reduction chemistry provides opportunities for tailoring its optoelectronic properties. For example, as-synthesized GO is insulating but controlled deoxidation leads to an electrically and optically active material that is transparent and conducting. Furthermore, in contrast to pure graphene, GO is fluorescent over a broad range of wavelengths, owing to its heterogeneous electronic structure. In this Review, we highlight the recent advances in optical properties of chemically derived GO, as well as new physical and biological applications.
化学衍生氧化石墨烯（GO）是一种原子级薄的石墨片，传统上一直作为石墨烯的前体，但由于其自身的特性，越来越受到化学家的关注。它通过共价键与含氧官能团结合——无论是在基面还是在边缘——因此含有混合的 sp(2)-和 sp(3)-杂化碳原子。特别是，通过还原化学对 GO 的大小、形状和 sp(2)-杂化域的相对比例进行操控，为其光电性能的定制提供了机会。例如，合成的 GO 是绝缘的，但通过控制氧化还原反应可以得到具有电活性和光活性的透明导电材料。此外，与纯石墨烯相比，GO 具有广泛波长的荧光，这归因于其不均匀的电子结构。在这篇综述中，我们强调了化学衍生 GO 的光学性质的最新进展，以及新的物理和生物学应用。
