Cromer Lisa DeMarni, Goldsmith Rachel E
Psychology Department, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74103, USA.
J Child Sex Abus. 2010 Nov;19(6):618-47. doi: 10.1080/10538712.2010.522493.
Child sexual abuse myths comprise incorrect beliefs regarding sexual abuse, victims, and perpetrators. Relations among myth acceptance, responses to disclosure, legal decisions, and victims' subsequent psychological and health outcomes underscore the importance of understanding child sexual abuse myths. Despite accurate knowledge regarding child sexual abuse among many professional and other individuals, child sexual abuse myths persist. A Google search produced 119 child sexual abuse myths, some with overlapping themes. Coders grouped myths into four categories: (a) minimizations or exaggerations of the extent of harm child sexual abuse poses, (b) denials of the extent of child sexual abuse, (c) diffusions of perpetrator blame, and (d) perpetrator stereotypes. This review provides available data regarding the prevalence for these myths, empirical research that refutes or confirms myth categories, and considerations of cultural contexts and implications.
儿童性虐待误区包括对性虐待、受害者及施虐者的错误认知。对误区的接受程度、对披露事件的反应、法律裁决以及受害者随后的心理和健康状况之间的关系，凸显了理解儿童性虐待误区的重要性。尽管许多专业人士和其他人群对儿童性虐待有准确的认识，但儿童性虐待误区依然存在。在谷歌上搜索得到了119条儿童性虐待误区，其中一些主题相互重叠。编码人员将这些误区分为四类：(a) 对儿童性虐待造成的伤害程度的淡化或夸大；(b) 对儿童性虐待程度的否认；(c) 对施虐者责任的分散；(d) 施虐者刻板印象。本综述提供了关于这些误区流行程度的现有数据、反驳或证实误区类别的实证研究，以及对文化背景和影响的考量。
