LIKES Research Center for Sport and Health Sciences, Viitaniementie 15, 40720, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Int J Behav Med. 2012 Mar;19(1):48-55. doi: 10.1007/s12529-010-9134-5.
Research on the long-term effects of Type A behavior and its components in the prediction of physical activity in adulthood is scarce and there is a lack of prospective data that are able to show such an association.
We examined the relations between components of Type A behavior and physical activity from youth to early midlife.
The sample included 2,031 participants (43.8% of males) aged 9 to 24 years in 1986 from the Young Finns Study. Type A behavior was measured by the Hunter-Wolf A-B Rating Scale at three phases in 1986, 1989, and 2001. Physical activity was assessed using a short self-report questionnaire at five phases between 1986 and 2007.
High Type A leadership was associated with high physical activity in 1986 (r = 0.37, P < 0.01), 1989 (r = 0.36, P < 0.01) and 2001 (r = 0.31, P < 0.01), and youth leadership also predicted high adult physical activity (P < 0.001). After adjustment for age, education, occupation, smoking, body mass index, and baseline physical activity, the association remained significant. There was also a bidirectional association between Type A leadership and physical activity. Persistent physical activity during the adult years was associated with a higher Type A leadership than persistent physical inactivity (Cohen's d = 0.34, P < 0.001), even after controlling for potential confounders. The associations of other components of Type A behavior, i.e., hard-driving, eagerness-energy, and aggression with physical activity were marginal.
There is a direct relation between Type A leadership and physical activity at different development phases that maybe bidirectional.
关于 A 型行为及其各成分在成年后体力活动预测方面的长期影响的研究较少，而且缺乏能够显示这种关联的前瞻性数据。
我们检验了从青年到中年早期 A 型行为各成分与体力活动之间的关系。
该样本包括来自青年芬兰人研究的 2031 名参与者（男性占 43.8%），年龄在 1986 年时为 9 至 24 岁。A 型行为采用 Hunter-Wolf A-B 评定量表在 1986 年、1989 年和 2001 年三个阶段进行测量。1986 年至 2007 年期间，通过简短的自我报告问卷五次评估体力活动。
高 A 型领导行为与 1986 年（r = 0.37，P < 0.01）、1989 年（r = 0.36，P < 0.01）和 2001 年（r = 0.31，P < 0.01）的高体力活动相关，青年时期的领导行为也预测了成年后较高的体力活动（P < 0.001）。调整年龄、教育程度、职业、吸烟、体重指数和基线体力活动后，这种关联仍然显著。A 型领导行为与体力活动之间也存在双向关联。成年期持续的体力活动与持续的体力不活动相比，A 型领导行为更高（Cohen's d = 0.34，P < 0.001），即使在控制了潜在的混杂因素后也是如此。A 型行为的其他成分，即好强、急于求成和攻击性与体力活动的关联具有边缘性。
A 型领导行为与不同发展阶段的体力活动之间存在直接关系，这种关系可能是双向的。
