Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Maraimalai Adigalar Campus, Chennai-600025, Tamilnadu, India.
Cardiovasc Pathol. 2011 Nov-Dec;20(6):361-8. doi: 10.1016/j.carpath.2010.09.002. Epub 2010 Dec 3.
Dietary cholesterol plays an important role in the development of atherogenesis and cardiovascular diseases. We explored the prospective effect of grape seed proanthocyanidins in controlling hypercholesterolemia induced oxidative injury and apoptosis in atherogenic animals.
Four groups of male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were used for the study. Group I served as control and received vehicle (saline) alone, Group II served as the induction group fed with a high-cholesterol diet (rat chow supplemented with 4% cholesterol and 1% cholic acid--CC diet) for 30 days, Group III served as drug control and was treated with grape seed proanthocyanidins (100 mg/kg body weight) orally for 30 days, and Group IV animals were fed with CC diet for 30 days along with grape seed proanthocyanidins (100 mg/kg body weight) orally.
CC diet induced an abnormal increase in lipid peroxidation, tissue cholesterol, triglyceride, serum low-density lipoprotein, and very low density lipoprotein, and decreased the high-density lipoprotein concentration. Altered activity of cardiac and serum creatine kinase, accompanied by a decreased cardiac enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant defense system and an increase in the expression of cytochrome c and caspases-3, was observed in CC diet-fed rats. These changes were partially restored in the grape seed proanthocyanidin-treated group.
Grape seed proanthocyanidins have cardioprotective effects against CC diet-induced hypercholesterolemia via their ability to reduce, directly or indirectly, free radicals in the myocardium.
膳食胆固醇在动脉粥样硬化形成和心血管疾病的发展中起着重要作用。我们探讨了葡萄籽原花青素控制动脉粥样硬化动物高胆固醇血症诱导的氧化损伤和细胞凋亡的前瞻性作用。
本研究使用了四组雄性 Wistar 大鼠（250-300g）。第 I 组作为对照组，单独给予载体（生理盐水）；第 II 组作为诱导组，给予高胆固醇饮食（大鼠饲料中添加 4%胆固醇和 1%胆酸——CC 饮食）30 天；第 III 组作为药物对照组，给予葡萄籽原花青素（100mg/kg 体重）口服 30 天；第 IV 组动物给予 CC 饮食 30 天，同时给予葡萄籽原花青素（100mg/kg 体重）口服。
CC 饮食诱导脂质过氧化、组织胆固醇、甘油三酯、血清低密度脂蛋白和极低密度脂蛋白异常增加，高密度脂蛋白浓度降低。CC 饮食喂养的大鼠心脏和血清肌酸激酶活性发生改变，同时伴有心脏酶和非酶抗氧化防御系统降低，细胞色素 c 和 caspase-3 表达增加。这些变化在葡萄籽原花青素治疗组中部分得到恢复。
葡萄籽原花青素通过直接或间接减少心肌自由基，对 CC 饮食诱导的高胆固醇血症具有心脏保护作用。
