一种改进检测方法的简单方式表明，在大多数感染HIV个体的血清中，HIV p24抗原以免疫复合物的形式存在。

A simple method for improved assay demonstrates that HIV p24 antigen is present as immune complexes in most sera from HIV-infected individuals.

作者信息

Nishanian P, Huskins K R, Stehn S, Detels R, Fahey J L

机构信息

Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Immunology and Disease, UCLA 90024.

出版信息

J Infect Dis. 1990 Jul;162(1):21-8. doi: 10.1093/infdis/162.1.21.

DOI:10.1093/infdis/162.1.21

PMID:2113075

Abstract

Improved detection and quantitation of p24 antigen of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in sera was obtained by pH 2.5-3.0 pretreatment of samples before using a standard HIV p24 antigen ELISA. Pretreatment dissociated immune complexes and denatured antibodies with little or no compromise of p24 antigen immunoreactivity. For 652 HIV antibody-positive sera, direct comparison of the pretreatment with the conventional assay demonstrated substantial increase in both antigen positivity (50.6% vs. 12.4%) and in the level of p24 antigen in sera. Serum HIV antigen is mainly in the form of immune complexes in most individuals at all stages of HIV infection. Longitudinal study of 1 year (three measurements) on 29 seroconverters demonstrated two main patterns of p24 antigen expression in sera: 34.5% of infected individuals never express any form of detectable HIV antigen and 58.6% persistently demonstrate serum p24 antigen, usually in complex with antibody. Only 6.9% show episodic p24 antigen positivity.

摘要

在使用标准的HIV p24抗原酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）之前，通过对样品进行pH 2.5 - 3.0的预处理，实现了血清中人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）p24抗原检测和定量的改进。预处理可解离免疫复合物并使抗体变性，而对p24抗原的免疫反应性影响很小或没有影响。对于652份HIV抗体阳性血清，将预处理方法与传统检测方法直接比较，结果显示抗原阳性率（50.6%对12.4%）和血清中p24抗原水平均大幅提高。在HIV感染的所有阶段，大多数个体血清中的HIV抗原主要以免疫复合物的形式存在。对29名血清转化者进行的为期1年（三次测量）的纵向研究表明，血清中p24抗原表达主要有两种模式：34.5%的感染者从未表达任何可检测到的HIV抗原形式，58.6%的感染者持续显示血清p24抗原，通常与抗体形成复合物。只有6.9%的感染者表现出间歇性p24抗原阳性。