Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Proteomics Clin Appl. 2010 Mar;4(3):295-303. doi: 10.1002/prca.200900083. Epub 2010 Jan 4.
To evaluate circulating cytokines and chemokines as correlates of the degree of brain injury in individuals with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
Study participants included ten well-characterized subjects in advanced stage HIV infection. High-throughput multiplexed analysis was used to quantify markers of interest at baseline and 3 years later in the clinical course. Objective measurements of the brain were derived in vivo with quantitative magnetic resonance segmentation algorithms and with diffusion tensor imaging.
Of the markers examined, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1 or CCL-2) was the most prominent correlate of brain injury. Elevated MCP-1 levels correlated with brain white matter alterations at the initial assessment. The relationship to injury was more extensive 3 years later; elevated MCP-1 was significantly correlated with measures of brain microstructural alterations and of abject atrophy.
The findings build on our prior observations that elevated MCP-1 levels may be a useful predictive marker for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder. As a potent chemoattractant, MCP-1 may mediate injury through participation in self-reinforcing cycles of chronic immune activation and cytokine/chemokine-mediated neurotoxicity.
评估循环细胞因子和趋化因子与晚期人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者脑损伤程度的相关性。
研究参与者包括 10 名处于晚期 HIV 感染阶段的特征明确的受试者。在临床病程中，使用高通量多重分析在基线和 3 年后定量测定感兴趣的标志物。采用定量磁共振分割算法和弥散张量成像对大脑进行体内客观测量。
在所检查的标志物中，单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1 或 CCL-2）是与脑损伤最相关的标志物。初始评估时，升高的 MCP-1 水平与脑白质改变相关。3 年后，与损伤的相关性更为广泛；升高的 MCP-1 与脑微结构改变和脑实质萎缩的测量值显著相关。
这些发现建立在我们之前的观察结果之上，即升高的 MCP-1 水平可能是 HIV 相关认知障碍的一个有用的预测标志物。作为一种有效的趋化因子，MCP-1 可能通过参与慢性免疫激活和细胞因子/趋化因子介导的神经毒性的自我强化循环来介导损伤。
