Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA.
J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2011 Jan;31(1):131-5. doi: 10.1089/jir.2010.0127. Epub 2010 Dec 12.
The type I interferons (IFNs), IFN-α and -β, are key effector molecules of the immune response to viruses. The anti-viral action of IFNs on virus-infected cells and surrounding tissues is mediated by expression of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes. Viperin (virus inhibitory protein, endoplasmic reticulum-associated, IFN-inducible) is an Interferon stimulated gene (ISG), which is induced by type I, II, and III IFNs or after infection with a broad range of DNA and RNA viruses. Recent evidence indicates that Viperin disrupts lipid rafts to block influenza virus budding and release and interferes with replication of hepatitis C virus by binding to lipid droplets, small organelles involved in lipid homeostasis that are essential for hepatitis C virus replication. Viperin is also induced by nonviral microbial products such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and by a wide range of bacteria, suggesting a broader role in innate antimicrobial defenses.
I 型干扰素(IFN),包括 IFN-α 和 IFN-β,是抗病毒免疫反应的关键效应分子。IFN 对病毒感染细胞及其周围组织的抗病毒作用是通过数百种 IFN 刺激基因的表达来介导的。Viperin(病毒抑制蛋白,内质网相关,IFN 诱导)是一种干扰素刺激基因(ISG),可被 I 型、II 型和 III 型 IFN 诱导,或在感染广泛的 DNA 和 RNA 病毒后诱导。最近的证据表明,Viperin 通过破坏脂筏来阻止流感病毒出芽和释放,并通过与参与脂质稳态的小细胞器脂滴结合来干扰丙型肝炎病毒的复制,而这些小细胞器对丙型肝炎病毒的复制至关重要。Viperin 也可被非病毒微生物产物(如脂多糖(LPS))和多种细菌诱导,这表明它在先天抗菌防御中具有更广泛的作用。