Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844, USA.
Evolution. 2011 Jun;65(6):1667-79. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2010.01208.x. Epub 2011 Jan 3.
Newly formed polyploid lineages must contend with several obstacles to avoid extinction, including minority cytotype exclusion, competition, and inbreeding depression. If polyploidization results in immediate divergence of phenotypic characters these hurdles may be reduced and establishment made more likely. In addition, if polyploidization alters the phenotypic and genotypic associations between traits, that is, the P and G matrices, polyploids may be able to explore novel evolutionary paths, facilitating their divergence and successful establishment. Here, we report results from a study of the perennial plant Heuchera grossulariifolia in which the phenotypic divergence and changes in phenotypic and genotypic covariance matrices caused by neopolyploidization have been estimated. Our results reveal that polyploidization causes immediate divergence for traits relevant to establishment and results in significant changes in the structure of the phenotypic covariance matrix. In contrast, our results do not provide evidence that polyploidization results in immediate and substantial shifts in the genetic covariance matrix.
新形成的多倍体谱系必须应对几个障碍以避免灭绝，包括少数细胞型排斥、竞争和近交衰退。如果多倍化导致表型特征的立即分化，这些障碍可能会减少，建立的可能性更大。此外，如果多倍化改变了性状之间的表型和基因型关联，即 P 和 G 矩阵，那么多倍体可能能够探索新的进化途径，促进它们的分化和成功建立。在这里，我们报告了对多年生植物 Heuchera grossulariifolia 的研究结果，其中估计了由新多倍化引起的表型分化和表型和基因型协方差矩阵变化。我们的结果表明，多倍化导致与建立相关的性状立即分化，并导致表型协方差矩阵结构发生显著变化。相比之下，我们的结果并没有提供证据表明多倍化会导致遗传协方差矩阵立即发生实质性变化。
