Unit of General Practice, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland.
Health Soc Care Community. 2011 Jan;19(1):15-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2524.2010.00942.x. Epub 2010 Sep 9.
Type 2 diabetes can be prevented by lifestyle changes such as sufficient level of physical activity. The number of persons at high risk of or diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is increasing all over the world. In order to prevent type 2 diabetes and develop exercise counselling, more studies on motivators and barriers to physical activity are needed. Thus, the aim of this qualitative study was to describe the motivators and barriers to physical activity among individuals with high risk of type 2 diabetes who participated in a substudy of the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study in Oulu and to consider whether the motivators or barriers changed during the follow-up from 2003 to 2008. Questionnaires with open-ended questions were conducted twice: in the first follow-up in 2003 altogether 63 participants answered the questionnaire (n = 93), and in the second follow-up in 2008 altogether 71 participants answered the questionnaire (n = 82). Thus, response rate was 68% in 2003 and 87% in 2008. The study was conducted in the city of Oulu in Finland. Qualitative data were analysed by inductive content analysis using the QSR NVivo 8 software. The results of this study showed that motivators to physical activity included weight management, feelings of physical and mental well being. In addition, social relationships associated with exercise were also motivators. In conclusion, we present that regular counselling is important in order to promote exercise among older people, and that motivators to exercise are strengthened by positive experiences of exercise as one grows older.
2 型糖尿病可以通过生活方式改变来预防，例如保持足够的身体活动水平。全世界范围内，有 2 型糖尿病高风险或已确诊为 2 型糖尿病的人数正在不断增加。为了预防 2 型糖尿病并开展运动咨询，需要更多关于身体活动的激励因素和障碍的研究。因此，本 qualitative 研究的目的是描述在参加芬兰奥卢 2 型糖尿病预防研究的亚研究的 2 型糖尿病高危人群中，进行身体活动的激励因素和障碍，并考虑这些激励因素或障碍在 2003 年至 2008 年的随访期间是否发生了变化。研究人员使用带有开放式问题的问卷进行了两次调查：第一次随访是在 2003 年，共有 63 名参与者回答了问卷（n = 93），第二次随访是在 2008 年，共有 71 名参与者回答了问卷（n = 82）。因此，2003 年的回复率为 68%，2008 年的回复率为 87%。这项研究是在芬兰奥卢市进行的。研究人员使用 QSR NVivo 8 软件对定性数据进行了归纳内容分析。这项研究的结果表明，进行身体活动的激励因素包括体重管理、身心感觉良好。此外，与锻炼相关的社会关系也是激励因素。总之，我们发现定期咨询对于促进老年人锻炼非常重要，而且随着年龄的增长，通过积极的锻炼经验可以增强锻炼的动力。
