University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2011 Jan;40(1):76-93. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.09.033.
Recommended daily physical activity accumulated in short intervals (e.g., <10 minutes) may be more feasible and appealing to the relatively sedentary populace than longer bouts. The purpose of this paper is to present a systematic review of the evidence for the effectiveness of short activity bouts incorporated into organizational routine as part of the regular "conduct of business."
PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar databases were searched in August 2009 (updated search in February and July 2010) to identify relevant, peer-reviewed journal articles and abstracts on school-, worksite-, and faith-based interventions of short, structurally integrated physical activity breaks.
The majority of interventions implemented daily physical activity bouts of 10-15 minutes in length. Schools were the most common settings among the 40 published articles included in this review. The rigor of the studies varied by setting, with more than 75% of worksite versus 25% of school studies utilizing RCT designs. Studies focused on a broad range of outcomes, including academic/work performance indicators, mental health outcomes, and clinical disease risk indicators, in addition to physical activity level. Physical activity was the most commonly assessed outcome in school-based studies, with more than half of studies assessing and observing improvements in physical activity outcomes following the intervention. About a quarter of worksite-based studies assessed physical activity, and the majority found a positive effect of the intervention on physical activity levels. About half of studies also observed improvements in other relevant outcomes such as academic and work performance indicators (e.g., academic achievement, cognitive performance, work productivity); psychosocial factors (e.g., stress, mood); and clinical disease risk indicators (e.g., blood pressure, BMI). The average study duration was more than 1 year, and several reported outcomes at 3-6 years.
Interventions integrating physical activity into organizational routine during everyday life have demonstrated modest but consistent benefits, particularly for physical activity, and these are promising avenues of investigation. The proportionately longer-term outcomes available in these studies compared with individual-level studies suggest that physical activity promotion strategies at the organizational level may be more sustainable.
与长时间的运动相比，将日常体力活动积累在短时间内（例如<10 分钟）可能对相对久坐的人群更加可行和有吸引力。本文旨在系统回顾将短时间活动片段纳入组织常规作为常规“业务开展”一部分的有效性证据。
2009 年 8 月，在 PubMed、MEDLINE 和 Google Scholar 数据库中进行了搜索，以确定有关学校、工作场所和基于信仰的短时间、结构整合的体力活动休息干预的同行评审期刊文章和摘要。
大多数干预措施每天实施 10-15 分钟的体力活动。在本综述中纳入的 40 篇已发表文章中，学校是最常见的设置。研究的严谨性因设置而异，超过 75%的工作场所研究采用 RCT 设计，而 25%的学校研究采用 RCT 设计。研究侧重于广泛的结果，包括学业/工作表现指标、心理健康结果和临床疾病风险指标，以及体力活动水平。在以学校为基础的研究中，体力活动是最常评估的结果，超过一半的研究在干预后评估和观察到体力活动结果的改善。大约四分之一的以工作场所为基础的研究评估了体力活动，大多数研究发现干预对体力活动水平有积极影响。大约一半的研究还观察到其他相关结果的改善，如学业和工作表现指标（如学业成绩、认知表现、工作效率）；心理社会因素（如压力、情绪）；和临床疾病风险指标（如血压、BMI）。平均研究持续时间超过 1 年，有几项报告的结果持续 3-6 年。
将体力活动融入日常生活中的组织常规的干预措施已经证明了适度但一致的益处，特别是在体力活动方面，这是有希望的研究途径。与个体水平的研究相比，这些研究中提供的比例更长的结果表明，组织层面的体力活动促进策略可能更具有可持续性。
