Weisser M
Klinik für Infektiologie & Spitalhygiene, Universitätsspital Basel, Petersgraben 4, Basel, Switzerland.
Internist (Berl). 2011 Mar;52(3):277-82. doi: 10.1007/s00108-010-2680-8.
Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and applied immunosuppressive or modulating medications predispose patients for more frequent and more severe infections. Partly, these can be prevented by vaccinations. However immunization rates in daily life are low. The indication for vaccination, the capacity of sufficient antibody response and possible adverse reactions--such as vaccination-induced infection in live-vaccines--must be carefully evaluated and timing should be planned accordingly. In addition to vaccinations according general recommendation patients with immunosuppression benefit from vaccinations against seasonal influenza and S. pneumoniae. Induction of flares of the underlying disease after vaccination could not be confirmed.
免疫介导的炎症性疾病以及应用免疫抑制或调节药物会使患者更容易发生更频繁、更严重的感染。部分感染可通过接种疫苗预防。然而,日常生活中的免疫接种率较低。必须仔细评估疫苗接种的适应证、产生足够抗体反应的能力以及可能的不良反应——如活疫苗接种引起的感染——并据此规划接种时间。除了按照一般建议进行接种外,免疫抑制患者接种季节性流感疫苗和肺炎链球菌疫苗也有益处。尚未证实接种疫苗后会诱发基础疾病的病情加重。