Clinic for Hemodialysis, Clinical Centre University of Sarajevo, Bolnička 25, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Int Urol Nephrol. 2012 Apr;44(2):557-67. doi: 10.1007/s11255-010-9881-x. Epub 2010 Dec 9.
Sleeping problems are common in hemodialysis (HD) patients. The aim of this study was to determine sleep quality (SQ) in HD patients and to evaluate its relationship with patient's quality of life (QoL), sociodemographic and laboratory data.
Two hundred HD patients from the Hemodialysis Clinic, Bosnia and Herzegovina, were enrolled in the study. There were 122 men and 78 women with a mean age of 56.8 ± 14.3 (range 20-85) years and a mean HD duration of 62.6 ± 57.0 months. We used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Health Survey for Dialysis Patients (SF-36).
Seventy-three percent of patients showed a poor SQ response. The average sleep latency of patients was 48.2 min, and the average sleep duration was 4.9 h. Ninety-eight percent of patients experienced some sort of sleep disturbances on weekly basis. The most common sleep disturbances were insomnia (84.5%), day and night sleep reversal (39.0%), excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) (34.0%), nightmares (25%) and restless legs syndrome (RLS) (20.5%). The most frequent causes of sleep disorders were snoring (47%), pain (35%), daytime napping (34%), breathing problems (30%) and pruritus (28%). Ninety-three percent of patients experienced daytime dysfunction and 46.5% of them were taking sleep medications. Younger patients, employed patients and patients in 3rd HD shift showed significantly better SQ compared to the others. Compared with good sleepers, poor sleepers were more frequently on conventional HD and had higher serum phosphate and PTH and significantly lower Hb.
The poor SQ in our HD population significantly correlated with their QoL.
睡眠问题在血液透析（HD）患者中很常见。本研究旨在确定 HD 患者的睡眠质量（SQ），并评估其与患者生活质量（QoL）、社会人口统计学和实验室数据的关系。
我们招募了来自波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那血液透析诊所的 200 名 HD 患者。其中 122 名男性和 78 名女性，平均年龄为 56.8±14.3（范围 20-85）岁，HD 持续时间平均为 62.6±57.0 个月。我们使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）和透析患者健康调查（SF-36）进行评估。
73%的患者睡眠质量较差。患者平均入睡潜伏期为 48.2 分钟，平均睡眠时间为 4.9 小时。每周有 98%的患者经历某种程度的睡眠障碍。最常见的睡眠障碍包括失眠（84.5%）、日夜睡眠颠倒（39.0%）、白天嗜睡（EDS）（34.0%）、噩梦（25%）和不宁腿综合征（RLS）（20.5%）。睡眠障碍最常见的原因是打鼾（47%）、疼痛（35%）、白天小睡（34%）、呼吸问题（30%）和瘙痒（28%）。93%的患者白天功能障碍，46.5%的患者服用睡眠药物。年轻患者、有工作的患者和接受第 3 次 HD 治疗的患者的 SQ 明显优于其他患者。与睡眠良好的患者相比，睡眠不佳的患者更常接受常规 HD，且血清磷酸盐和 PTH 更高，Hb 水平更低。
我们的 HD 患者的 SQ 较差，与他们的 QoL 显著相关。
