[江苏和浙江15个县3 - 6岁儿童发育迟缓与体重不足的影响因素分析]

[Analysis on influencing factors for stunting and underweight among children aged 3 - 6 years in 15 counties of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces].

作者信息

Yang Xiao-liang, Ye Rong-wei, Zheng Jun-chi, Jin Lei, Liu Jian-meng, Ren Ai-guo

机构信息

Institute of Reproductive and Child Heath, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.

出版信息

Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2010 May;31(5):506-9.

PMID:21163025

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To analyze the influencing factors for stunting and underweight among children aged 3 - 6 years in 15 counties of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces so as to provide reference for enhancing growth level among preschool children.

METHODS

Data was from the 183 295 records of Children Follow-up Study Project carried out by the Institute of Reproductive and Child Heath of Peking University and the records of related perinatal health care surveillance system in rural areas of 15 counties/cities of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. WHO-NCHS standard was used to assess the childhood physical level of growth. Data of children's birth and their mothers' perinatal health were correlated to determine influencing factors for childhood stunting and underweight.

RESULTS

The average stunting rate was 7.95% and underweight rate was 1.55%. Sex, birth weight, preterm birth as well as maternal height, maternal BMI at the first prenatal visit, maternal education and occupation were significantly related to childhood stunting and underweight. Birth weight was the most important influencing factor for childhood underweight. For the groups whose birth weights were < 2500 g and ≥ 2500 g, the rates of underweight were 7.77% and 1.46% respectively. Children with low birth weight were at higher risk for underweight (OR = 3.68, 95%CI: 3.11 - 4.37). Maternal height was the most important influencing factor for childhood stunting. For the groups whose mothers' heights were < 155 cm, 155 - 160 cm, 160 - 165 cm and ≥ 165 cm, the stunting rates were 13.01%, 8.76%, 6.21% and 4.14% respectively. Compared with the ≥ 165 cm group, the < 155 cm group was at higher risk for stunting (OR = 3.08, 95%CI: 2.82 - 3.37).

CONCLUSION

Birth weight and maternal height were key factors influencing the growth of children. Perinatal health care and the nutrition status of pregnant mothers should be improved to promote the growth level of preschool children.

摘要

目的

分析江苏和浙江15个县3 - 6岁儿童发育迟缓及体重不足的影响因素，为提高学龄前儿童生长水平提供参考。

方法

数据来源于北京大学儿童卫生与生殖健康研究所开展的儿童随访研究项目的183295条记录，以及江苏和浙江15个县/市农村地区相关围产期保健监测系统的记录。采用世界卫生组织儿童生长标准评估儿童身体生长水平。将儿童出生数据及其母亲围产期健康数据相关联，以确定儿童发育迟缓和体重不足的影响因素。

结果

发育迟缓平均发生率为7.95%，体重不足发生率为1.55%。性别、出生体重、早产以及母亲身高、首次产前检查时的母亲体重指数、母亲教育程度和职业与儿童发育迟缓和体重不足显著相关。出生体重是儿童体重不足的最重要影响因素。出生体重<2500 g和≥2500 g的组，体重不足发生率分别为7.77%和1.46%。低出生体重儿童体重不足风险更高（OR = 3.68，95%CI：3.11 - 4.37）。母亲身高是儿童发育迟缓的最重要影响因素。母亲身高<155 cm、155 - 160 cm、160 - 165 cm和≥165 cm的组，发育迟缓发生率分别为13.01%、8.76%、6.21%和4.14%。与≥165 cm组相比，<155 cm组发育迟缓风险更高（OR = 3.08，95%CI：2.82 - 3.37）。