Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2011 Feb;101(2):294-301. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2009.190165. Epub 2010 Dec 16.
We investigated associations of socioeconomic position (SEP) with chronic disease risk factors, and heterogeneity in this patterning by provincial-level urbanicity in Argentina.
We used generalized estimating equations to determine the relationship between SEP and body mass index, high blood pressure, diabetes, low physical activity, and eating fruit and vegetables, and examined heterogeneity by urbanicity with nationally representative, cross-sectional survey data from 2005. All estimates were age adjusted and gender stratified.
Among men living in less urban areas, higher education was either not associated with the risk factors or associated adversely. In more urban areas, higher education was associated with better risk factor profiles (P < .05 for 4 of 5 risk factors). Among women, higher education was associated with better risk factor profiles in all areas and more strongly in more urban than in less urban areas (P < 0.05 for 3 risk factors). Diet (in men) and physical activity (in men and women) were exceptions to this trend.
These results provide evidence for the increased burden of chronic disease risk among those of lower SEP, especially in urban areas.
我们调查了社会经济地位（SEP）与慢性病风险因素之间的关联，并在阿根廷的省级城市化水平上对这种模式的异质性进行了研究。
我们使用广义估计方程来确定 SEP 与体重指数、高血压、糖尿病、体力活动不足以及吃水果和蔬菜之间的关系，并使用具有全国代表性的 2005 年横断面调查数据，根据城市化程度检查了异质性。所有估计值均经过年龄调整和性别分层。
在居住在欠发达地区的男性中，较高的教育程度与风险因素无关或呈负相关。在更城市化的地区，较高的教育程度与更好的风险因素谱相关（对于 5 个风险因素中的 4 个，P<0.05）。对于女性，在所有地区，较高的教育程度都与更好的风险因素谱相关，而在更城市化的地区比在欠发达地区更为明显（对于 3 个风险因素，P<0.05）。饮食（男性）和体力活动（男性和女性）是这一趋势的例外。
这些结果为社会经济地位较低的人群慢性病风险增加提供了证据，尤其是在城市地区。
