Department of Health Studies and Gerontology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2010 Dec;35(6):826-33. doi: 10.1139/H10-085.
The purpose of this study was to determine diet quality and physical activity behaviours of grade 6 students by sex and body weight status, and to determine the associations between diet quality and physical activity behaviours. The Web-based Food Behaviour Questionnaire, which included a 24-h diet recall and the modified Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C), was administered to a cross-section of schools (n = 405 students from 15 schools). Measured height and weight were used to calculate body mass index and weight status (Cole et al. 2000). A Canadian version of the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-C) was used to describe overall diet quality. The mean HEI-C was 69.6 (13.2) with the majority (72%) falling into the needs improvement category. The overall mean physical activity score was 3.7 out of a maximum of 5, with obese subjects being less active compared with normal weight and overweight (p < 0.001). Ordinal logistic regression analysis (of HEI-C vs. all measures of the PAQ-C, sex, and weight status) revealed that HEI-C ratings were likely to be higher in students that walked to and from school 5 days per week (vs. 0 days per week; odds ratio 3.18, p = 0.010); and were active 1 evening per week (vs. none; odds ratio 3.48, p = 0.039). The positive association between diet quality and some aspects of physical activity suggests possible clustering of health behaviours. Future research should test the potential benefits of promoting 1 health behaviour (e.g., healthy eating) with another (e.g., physical activity).
本研究旨在确定 6 年级学生的饮食质量和身体活动行为，按性别和体重状况进行分类，并确定饮食质量与身体活动行为之间的关联。通过网络的饮食行为问卷，包括 24 小时饮食回忆和改良的《儿童体力活动问卷》（PAQ-C），对跨校的学生（来自 15 所学校的 405 名学生）进行了调查。通过测量身高和体重来计算体重指数和体重状况（Cole 等人，2000 年）。使用加拿大版健康饮食指数（HEI-C）来描述整体饮食质量。平均 HEI-C 为 69.6（13.2），大多数（72%）属于需要改进的类别。整体平均体力活动评分为 5 分制的 3.7 分，肥胖者的活动量明显低于正常体重和超重者（p<0.001）。有序逻辑回归分析（HEI-C 与 PAQ-C 的所有指标、性别和体重状况）表明，每周有 5 天步行上下学的学生的 HEI-C 评分更高（每周 0 天；优势比 3.18，p=0.010）；每周有 1 天晚上活跃的学生（每周无）（优势比 3.48，p=0.039）。饮食质量与某些方面的体力活动之间的正相关关系表明，健康行为可能存在聚类。未来的研究应该测试促进一种健康行为（例如，健康饮食）与另一种健康行为（例如，体力活动）的潜在益处。
