Groeneveld M G, Vermeer H J, van IJzendoorn M H, Linting M
Centre for Child and Family Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Child Care Health Dev. 2012 Mar;38(2):251-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2010.01194.x. Epub 2010 Dec 20.
We examined whether children cared for by stressed caregivers show lower socio-emotional well-being and more stress, compared with children cared for by less stressed caregivers.
Perceived stress and cortisol levels of professional caregivers (n = 44), and associations with children's (n = 44) well-being and cortisol levels in home-based child care were examined.
Caregiver perceived stress and cortisol levels were related to children's well-being but not to children's cortisol levels. Children's social fearfulness acted as a moderator between caregivers' mean ratio of diurnal change in cortisol and children's well-being. When caregiver cortisol levels decreased, more fearful children were reported higher on well-being than less fearful peers. In contrast, when caregiver cortisol levels increased, more fearful children were reported lower on well-being.
The findings point to differential susceptibility. Child care organizations and parents need to notice that a non-stressful child care environment is in particular important for children with a difficult temperament.
我们研究了与由压力较小的照顾者照料的儿童相比，由压力较大的照顾者照料的儿童是否表现出较低的社会情感幸福感和更多的压力。
研究了专业照顾者（n = 44）的感知压力和皮质醇水平，以及在家托育环境中与儿童（n = 44）的幸福感和皮质醇水平的关联。
照顾者的感知压力和皮质醇水平与儿童的幸福感相关，但与儿童的皮质醇水平无关。儿童的社交恐惧在照顾者皮质醇昼夜变化的平均比率与儿童幸福感之间起调节作用。当照顾者的皮质醇水平下降时，与不那么恐惧的同龄人相比，更恐惧的儿童报告的幸福感更高。相反，当照顾者的皮质醇水平上升时，更恐惧的儿童报告的幸福感更低。
研究结果表明存在差异易感性。托育机构和家长需要注意，无压力的托育环境对气质困难的儿童尤为重要。
