Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
Acad Med. 2011 Feb;86(2):201-10. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0b013e3182045076.
To identify factors associated with U.S. medical school matriculants' postbaccalaureate premedical program participation and to determine whether participation was associated with plans at medical school graduation to practice in underserved areas.
Deidentified, individualized records of Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) Matriculating Student Questionnaire responses for the 1996- 2000 cohort of U.S. medical school matriculants were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression for associations with postbaccalaureate premedical program participation. Postbaccalaureate premedical program participation was analyzed for associations with plans at medical school graduation to practice in underserved areas. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) significant at P < .05 are reported for independent predictors of postbaccalaureate program participation among matriculants and of graduates' plans to practice in underserved areas.
The sample of 57,276 matriculants included 3,561 (6.2%) academic record enhancer (ARE), 3,931 (6.9%) career changer (CC), and 1,354 (2.4%) career changer/academic record enhancer program participants (ARE/CC). Matriculants who participated in summer academic enrichment programs (OR = 1.35), had premedical debt (OR = 1.25), and were underrepresented minorities (OR = 1.21) were more likely to report ARE participation. Women (OR = 1.46) were more likely to report CC participation. Compared with nonparticipants, ARE, CC, and ARE/CC participants were each more likely to plan, at medical school graduation, to practice in underserved areas (OR = 1.14, 1.48, and 1.47, respectively).
Among medical school matriculants, postbaccalaureate premedical program participants were demographically diverse and, at medical school graduation, were more likely than nonparticipants to plan to practice in underserved areas.
确定与美国医学院学生参加医学预科后课程相关的因素，并确定这种参与是否与毕业后在服务不足地区行医的计划有关。
对美国医学院协会（AAMC）1996-2000 年入学学生问卷调查的匿名、个体化记录进行分析，采用多变量逻辑回归分析与参加医学预科后课程相关的因素。分析医学预科后课程的参与情况与毕业后在服务不足地区行医的计划之间的关系。报告在校医学生中具有统计学意义（P<.05）的独立预测因素的调整比值比（OR），用于预测参加预科课程和毕业后在服务不足地区行医的毕业生计划。
57276 名入学学生的样本中，有 3561 名（6.2%）学术记录增强者（ARE）、3931 名（6.9%）职业转换者（CC）和 1354 名（2.4%）职业转换者/学术记录增强者课程参与者（ARE/CC）。参加暑期学术强化课程（OR=1.35）、有医学预科债务（OR=1.25）和少数民族比例不足（OR=1.21）的学生更有可能报告参加 ARE 计划。女性（OR=1.46）更有可能报告参加 CC 计划。与非参与者相比，ARE、CC 和 ARE/CC 参与者在毕业后更有可能计划在服务不足地区行医（OR=1.14、1.48 和 1.47）。
在医学生中，参加医学预科后课程的学生在人口统计学上存在差异，并且在毕业后，他们比非参与者更有可能计划在服务不足地区行医。
