Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2011 Mar;23(2):156-60. doi: 10.1097/BOR.0b013e3283432d35.
Although gout and hyperuricemia have received considerable attention recently, there is limited information on the two conditions in young people. The molecular mechanisms of hyperuricemia have been investigated extensively in recent years, with this knowledge providing new insights and a better understanding of the precocious onset of gout and hyperuricemia.
Serum uric acid levels are higher in the younger generation compared with the older generation. A proportion of gout and hyperuricemia in childhood is due to inborn errors in purine metabolism. Extensive investigation has demonstrated genetic polymorphisms in the urate transporter associated with hyperuricemia and gout. Whether or not polymorphisms affect the onset of gout and hyperuricemia in young people is unclear. Uric acid levels in childhood have also been shown to correlate with the development of the metabolic syndrome.
Elevations in serum uric acid levels in childhood are often associated with other diseases and allied conditions. Hyperuricemia in young individuals is often a marker of the metabolic syndrome. Gout is not common in childhood compared with adulthood, and careful consideration of inborn errors of metabolism should be considered in these cases.
尽管痛风和高尿酸血症近年来受到了广泛关注，但有关年轻人中这两种疾病的信息有限。近年来，人们对高尿酸血症的分子机制进行了广泛的研究，这些知识为痛风和高尿酸血症的早发提供了新的见解和更好的理解。
与老年人相比，年轻一代的血清尿酸水平更高。一部分儿童痛风和高尿酸血症是由于嘌呤代谢的先天缺陷所致。广泛的研究表明，尿酸转运体的遗传多态性与高尿酸血症和痛风有关。这些多态性是否会影响年轻人痛风和高尿酸血症的发病尚不清楚。儿童时期的尿酸水平也与代谢综合征的发展有关。
儿童时期血清尿酸水平升高常与其他疾病和相关疾病有关。年轻人的高尿酸血症通常是代谢综合征的一个标志。与成年期相比，儿童期痛风并不常见，在这些情况下应仔细考虑代谢缺陷。
