Department of Taekwondo, College of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Yongin City, Korea.
J Sports Sci. 2011 Jan;29(2):133-8. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2010.525519.
In this study, we determined the specificity of a low frequency taekwondo training programme on physical fitness levels in adolescent females who receive limited physical education instruction (i.e. 2 days per week). Major components of physical fitness assessed were: skeletal muscle fitness (hand grip strength, bent arm hang, standing long jump, and isokinetic strength), flexibility (sit-and-reach test), speed and agility (10 × 5-m shuttle run), and cardiovascular fitness (VO(2max) and 20-m shuttle run). Changes in body composition were also assessed (dual X-ray absorptiometry, DXA). Participants were divided into two groups, a taekwondo training group (n = 21), which trained 50 min a day, 2 days per week for 12 weeks, and a control group (n = 10). Taekwondo training improved isokinetic strength, standing long jump, and sit-and-reach performance. Body fat mass and percent body fat were reduced. No changes in grip strength, bent arm hang time, speed and agility, or cardiorespiratory fitness were observed. Results indicate that low frequency taekwondo training in adolescent females produces beneficial changes in skeletal muscle fitness, flexibility, and body composition in a relatively short period of time. Consequently, this specific type of training can be useful to female adolescents in structured school environments where physical education classes are limited and there is little free time for physical activity.
在这项研究中，我们确定了低频率跆拳道训练计划对接受有限体育教育指导的青春期女性（即每周 2 天）的身体素质的特异性。评估的主要身体素质包括：骨骼肌健康（握力、屈臂悬挂、立定跳远和等速力量）、柔韧性（坐立前伸测试）、速度和敏捷性（10×5 米穿梭跑）以及心血管健康（最大摄氧量和 20 米穿梭跑）。还评估了身体成分的变化（双能 X 射线吸收法，DXA）。参与者被分为两组，跆拳道训练组（n=21），每天训练 50 分钟，每周 2 天，共 12 周，对照组（n=10）。跆拳道训练提高了等速力量、立定跳远和坐立前伸表现。体脂肪量和体脂肪百分比降低。握力、屈臂悬挂时间、速度和敏捷性或心肺健康没有变化。结果表明，低频率跆拳道训练在青春期女性中在相对较短的时间内产生了有益的骨骼肌健康、柔韧性和身体成分的变化。因此，这种特定类型的训练对于在体育教育课程有限且几乎没有空闲时间进行体育活动的结构化学校环境中的女性青少年很有用。
