Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
J Nephrol. 2010 Nov-Dec;23 Suppl 16:S97-104.
Potassium homeostasis depends on the coordinated interaction between tightly regulated potassium transfer in and out of the extracellular fluid compartment, and renal excretion or retention of potassium. Potassium transport along the nephron involves extensive proximal tubule reabsorption of potassium. Potassium is also reabsorbed along the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop. Regulated potassium secretion, or potassium reabsorption in exchange for hydrogen ions along the connecting tubule and collecting tubule, is responsible for potassium excretion. Renal potassium transport is modulated by potassium intake, several hormones, acid-base factors and distal nephron sodium delivery. WNK family kinases have also emerged as factors regulating sodium and potassium transport in the distal nephron.
钾离子稳态依赖于细胞外液中钾离子进出的严格调控以及肾脏对钾离子的排泄或保留之间的协调相互作用。钾离子沿着肾单位的运输涉及到大量近端肾小管对钾离子的重吸收。钾离子也沿着亨利氏袢的升支粗段被重吸收。调节性钾离子分泌，或沿连接小管和收集管与氢离子交换的钾离子重吸收，负责钾离子的排泄。肾脏钾离子的转运受钾离子的摄入、多种激素、酸碱因子和远曲小管钠离子供应的调节。WNK 家族激酶也已成为调节远曲小管钠离子和钾离子转运的因素。
