Kähäri Kim R, Aslund T, Olsson J
Department of Audiology, Institution for Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrens' Academy, Göteborg University, Box 452, SE- 40530 Göteborg, Sweden.
Noise Health. 2011 Jan-Feb;13(50):9-15. doi: 10.4103/1463-1741.73994.
The main purpose of this descriptive field study was to explore music listening habits and preferred listening levels with portable music players (PMPs). We were also interested in seeing whether any exposure differences could be observed between the sexes. Data were collected during 12 hours at Stockholm Central Station, where people passing by were invited to measure their preferred PMP listening level by using a KEMAR manikin. People were also asked to answer a questionnaire about their listening habits. In all, 60 persons (41 men and 19 women) took part in the questionnaire study and 61 preferred PMP levels to be measured. Forty-one of these sound level measurements were valid to be reported after consideration was taken to acceptable measuring conditions. The women (31 years) and the men (33 years) started to use PMPs on a regular basis in their early 20s. Ear canal headphones/ear buds were the preferred headphone types. Fifty-seven percent of the whole study population used their PMP on a daily basis. The measured LAeq60 sec levels corrected for free field ranged between 73 and 102 dB, with a mean value of 83 dB. Sound levels for different types of headphones are also presented. The results of this study indicate that there are two groups of listeners: people who listen less frequently and at lower, safer sound levels, and people with excessive listening habits that may indeed damage their hearing sensory organ in time.
这项描述性实地研究的主要目的是探索使用便携式音乐播放器（PMP）时的音乐聆听习惯和偏好的聆听音量。我们还想了解男女之间是否存在任何暴露差异。在斯德哥尔摩中央车站的12个小时内收集了数据，邀请路过的人使用KEMAR人体模型测量他们偏好的PMP聆听音量。人们还被要求回答一份关于他们聆听习惯的问卷。共有60人（41名男性和19名女性）参与了问卷调查，61人测量了偏好的PMP音量。在考虑了可接受的测量条件后，其中41次声级测量结果有效，可以报告。女性（31岁）和男性（33岁）在20岁出头开始经常使用PMP。耳道式耳机/耳塞是首选的耳机类型。整个研究人群中有57%的人每天使用他们的PMP。在自由场校正后的测量LAeq60秒水平在73至102分贝之间，平均值为83分贝。还给出了不同类型耳机的声级。这项研究的结果表明，有两类听众：一类是聆听频率较低、音量较低且安全的人，另一类是有过度聆听习惯的人，这类习惯可能最终会损害他们的听觉感觉器官。
