Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Division of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Eur J Pain. 2011 Jul;15(6):649-57. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2010.11.009. Epub 2010 Dec 21.
Pain among children is common, yet far less studied compared to that among adults. Little has been reported regarding various types of pain in a national community sample of German children.
We examined pain experienced within a 3 month timeframe among 14,836 children and adolescents aged 3-17 years old, who participated in the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) 2003-2006.
The 3-month prevalence rate was 71% for any pain, 47% for recurrent pain, 55% for pain at multiple (≥2) locations and 27% for recurrent pain at multiple locations. Headache and abdominal pain were the most frequently reported (44.2%, 40.8%) either as recurrent (22.8%, 20.3%) or as the most bothersome pain (MBP) (19.6%, 14.7%). Children from immigrant vs. non-immigrant families and children from lower vs. upper social-class families showed significantly higher prevalence rates for tooth (14% vs. 10%), lower abdomen (10% vs. 7%), chest (9% vs. 7%), arm (9% vs. 6%) and eye pain (9% vs. 5%). Of children with repeated MBP, only 10% of them used medications or consulted a doctor about the pain 'often/always,' while the majority of them did not act at all. In general, older age groups, females, poor health status and urban residence were associated with pain in children.
The rather high pain prevalence suggests pain among children may be a potential public health issue. Further studies are required to investigate the characteristics and correlational attributes of children suffering most frequently from pain and children from families with low socioeconomic status.
儿童疼痛较为常见，但相较于成人疼痛，其研究较少。在德国全国社区儿童样本中，鲜有关于各种类型疼痛的报道。
我们对参加 2003-2006 年德国儿童青少年健康访谈和体检调查（KiGGS）的 14836 名 3-17 岁儿童和青少年在 3 个月内经历的疼痛进行了研究。
任何疼痛的 3 个月患病率为 71%，复发性疼痛为 47%，多处（≥2 处）疼痛为 55%，多处复发性疼痛为 27%。头痛和腹痛是最常报告的疼痛（44.2%，40.8%），无论是复发性疼痛（22.8%，20.3%）还是最令人困扰的疼痛（MBP）（19.6%，14.7%）。移民家庭的儿童和社会阶层较低家庭的儿童，与非移民家庭和社会阶层较高家庭的儿童相比，其牙齿（14%比 10%）、下腹部（10%比 7%）、胸部（9%比 7%）、手臂（9%比 6%）和眼部疼痛（9%比 5%）的患病率显著更高。在经常/总是使用药物或就医治疗复发性 MBP 的儿童中，仅 10%的儿童有此行为，而大多数儿童并未采取任何行动。一般来说，年龄较大、女性、健康状况较差和城市居住与儿童疼痛相关。
相当高的疼痛患病率表明儿童疼痛可能是一个潜在的公共卫生问题。需要进一步研究来调查最常遭受疼痛的儿童和社会经济地位较低的家庭的儿童的特征和相关性属性。
