Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
J Nutr. 2011 Feb;141(2):296-303. doi: 10.3945/jn.110.130583. Epub 2010 Dec 22.
Stroke mortality rates and prevalence of several chronic diseases are higher in Southern populations and blacks in the US. This study examined the relationships of race (black, white) and region (Stroke Belt, Stroke Buckle, other) with selected nutrient intakes among black and white American men (n = 9229). The Block 98 FFQ assessed dietary intakes and multivariable linear regression analysis was used to examine whether race and region were associated with intakes of fiber, saturated fat, trans fat, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and cholesterol. Race and region were significant predictors of most nutrient intakes. Black men consumed 1.00% lower energy from saturated fat compared with white men [multivariable-adjusted β: 1.00% (95% CI = -0.88, -1.13)]. A significant interaction between race and region was detected for trans fat (P < 0.0001), where intake was significantly lower among black men compared with white men only in the Stroke Belt [multivariable-adjusted β: -0.21 (95% CI = -0.11, -0.31)]. Among black men, intakes of sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium were lower, whereas cholesterol was higher, compared with white men (P < 0.05 for all). Comparing regions, men in the Stroke Buckle had the lowest intakes of fiber, potassium, magnesium, and calcium compared with those in the Stroke Belt and other regions; men in both the Stroke Buckle and Stroke Belt had higher intakes of cholesterol compared with those in other regions (P < 0.005 for all). Given these observed differences in dietary intakes, more research is needed to understand if and how they play a role in the health disparities and chronic disease risks observed among racial groups and regions in the US.
美国南部地区的人群和黑人群体中中风死亡率和多种慢性病的患病率较高。本研究考察了种族（黑人、白人）和区域（中风带、中风带扣、其他）与美国黑人和白人男性（n = 9229）某些营养素摄入量之间的关系。使用 Block 98 食物频率问卷评估饮食摄入量，采用多变量线性回归分析来检验种族和区域是否与膳食纤维、饱和脂肪、反式脂肪、钠、钾、镁、钙和胆固醇的摄入量有关。种族和区域是大多数营养素摄入量的重要预测因素。与白人男性相比，黑人男性从饱和脂肪中摄入的能量低 1.00%[多变量调整后的β值：1.00%（95%置信区间= -0.88，-1.13）]。在反式脂肪方面检测到种族和区域之间存在显著的交互作用（P < 0.0001），仅在中风带，与白人男性相比，黑人男性的反式脂肪摄入量显著较低[多变量调整后的β值：-0.21（95%置信区间= -0.11，-0.31）]。与白人男性相比，黑人男性的钠、钾、镁和钙摄入量较低，而胆固醇摄入量较高（所有 P 值均 < 0.05）。比较不同区域，与中风带和其他区域的男性相比，中风带扣的男性膳食纤维、钾、镁和钙的摄入量最低；与其他区域的男性相比，中风带扣和中风带的男性胆固醇摄入量较高（所有 P 值均 < 0.005）。鉴于观察到的这些饮食摄入差异，需要进一步研究以了解它们是否以及如何在美国不同种族群体和地区的健康差异和慢性病风险中发挥作用。
