Department of Otolaryngology, University of Essen, Germany.
Otol Neurotol. 2011 Feb;32(2):229-35. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0b013e318204ac1b.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether exposure to a second language in bilingual families influences the spoken German skills after cochlear implantation. A further question was how many children with migration background are bilingual.
Retrospective case review.
Tertiary referral center; cochlear implant program.
Ninety-three profoundly hearing-impaired children; 52 of these children reside in bilingual and 41 in monolingual homes.
Cochlear implantation before the age of 6 years, speech and language skills assessments.
Standard speech perception and receptive and expressive language measures. Data on used primary and secondary languages were obtained by questionnaire.
Children growing up in bilingual homes performed worse than children from monolingual homes in all performed speech tests. Almost all children with bilingual parents indicated German as their main language. In some cases, the second language is used actively, but in most children, the use is limited to single words and expressions. However, some children from bilingual homes achieve high skill level in German language and, furthermore, develop competency in second spoken language.
Advanced language skills including the learning of a second spoken language are possible for children with cochlear implant living in bilingual homes, but that is the exception rather than the rule. It seems that other factors, such as spoken German language skills of the parents, integration of the family, and compliance with the rehabilitation program, play an important role. Therefore, a special support for children with cochlear implants from bilingual homes is needed.
本研究旨在探讨双语家庭中接触第二语言是否会影响人工耳蜗植入后德语口语技能的发展。进一步的问题是有多少具有移民背景的儿童是双语的。
回顾性病例研究。
三级转诊中心；人工耳蜗植入项目。
93 名重度听力受损儿童；其中 52 名儿童居住在双语家庭，41 名儿童居住在单语家庭。
6 岁前人工耳蜗植入，言语和语言技能评估。
标准言语感知和接受性及表达性语言测量。通过问卷获得有关使用主要和次要语言的数据。
在所有进行的言语测试中，在双语家庭中长大的儿童的表现均不如在单语家庭中长大的儿童。几乎所有有双语父母的儿童都表示德语是他们的主要语言。在某些情况下，第二语言被积极使用，但在大多数儿童中，使用仅限于单个单词和短语。然而，一些来自双语家庭的儿童在德语语言方面达到了很高的水平，并且还发展了第二语言的能力。
对于生活在双语家庭中的植入人工耳蜗的儿童来说，掌握高级语言技能包括学习第二语言是可能的，但这只是例外而不是常规。似乎其他因素，如父母的德语口语技能、家庭融合以及对康复计划的遵守，也起着重要作用。因此，需要为来自双语家庭的植入人工耳蜗的儿童提供特殊支持。
