Tschiggerl Christine, Bucar Franz
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, UniversitÃtsplatz 4/1, 8010, Graz, Austria.
Sci Pharm. 2010 Jul-Sep;78(3):483-92. doi: 10.3797/scipharm.1004-23. Epub 2010 Jun 16.
The relative proportions of chemical classes (hydrocarbons, oxides, alcohols, ketones, esters) in the essential oil of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L., Lamicaeae) and in the volatile fraction of the infusion extracts were examined and showed remarkable differences.The volatile compounds of the infusion were isolated by two different methods, hydrodistillation and solid phase extraction (SPE). The main constituents of the volatile fraction of the infusion were (hydrodistillation/SPE): 1,8-cineole (42.4%/44.7%), camphor (31.4%/31.8%), Î-terpineol (8.6%/8.1%) and borneol (8.3%/7.8%). The qualitative and quantitative composition of the volatile compounds of the infusion was compared to the essential oil isolated by hydrodistillation directly from the leaves. The major constituents of the essential oil of the leaves were 1,8-cineole (41.6%), camphor (17.0%), Î-pinene (9.9%), Î-terpineol (4.9%) and borneol (4.8%). Comparison of the total essential oil yield quantified by hydrodistillation of the infusion (0.36% v/w) with the essential oil yield of the leaves (1.84% v/w) revealed that only 19.6% of the initial oil could be extracted by infusion.
对迷迭香（迷迭香叶，唇形科）精油以及浸泡提取物挥发成分中各类化学成分（碳氢化合物、氧化物、醇类、酮类、酯类）的相对比例进行了检测，结果显示存在显著差异。浸泡液中的挥发性化合物通过两种不同方法进行分离，即水蒸馏法和固相萃取法（SPE）。浸泡液挥发成分的主要成分（水蒸馏法/固相萃取法）为：1,8-桉叶素（42.4%/44.7%）、樟脑（31.4%/31.8%）、γ-松油醇（8.6%/8.1%）和冰片（8.3%/7.8%）。将浸泡液挥发性化合物的定性和定量组成与直接从叶片通过水蒸馏法分离得到的精油进行了比较。叶片精油的主要成分是1,8-桉叶素（41.6%）、樟脑（17.0%）、α-蒎烯（9.9%）、γ-松油醇（4.9%）和冰片（4.8%）。通过水蒸馏法对浸泡液精油产量（0.36% v/w）与叶片精油产量（1.84% v/w）进行定量比较，结果表明浸泡法仅能提取出初始精油的19.6%。
