Ademola-Popoola Dupe S, Tunde-Ayinmode Mosunmola F, Akande Tanimola M
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol. 2010 Oct;17(4):335-42. doi: 10.4103/0974-9233.71603.
To characterize the demographic and psychosocial problems of a group of blind people as a way of attracting more attention to and providing data that can improve the psychosocial care of the visually impaired.
A cross-sectional descriptive study of a population of totally blind people in Ilorin, Nigeria using a self-report questionnaire (SRQ). The questionnaire was verbally administered by the study personnel in the local language. Simple frequency tables were obtained and the Chi-square test was performed to determine significant differences between variables. P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Sixty one blind patients consented to participate. Most participants were engaged in street begging for their livelihood. Most subjects desired a job change, signifying dissatisfaction with the present occupation. Up to 80% of the cohort was married and had spouses who were also blind in at least one eye. Approximately two-thirds had five or more children and majority lived with family members who were responsible for taking care of their personal hygiene, cooking and mobility. The majority developed blindness in childhood and 16% had a family history of blindness and 77% had never used conventional eye care, with corneal disease being the most frequent cause of blindness. Many feared that their children may also become blind. Thirty-one (51%) scored ≥5 on SRQ and were classified as probable cases of psychological disorder.
Blindness in a majority of cases that started in childhood was probably preventable. Inaccessibility to or failure of the formal rehabilitation and social welfare systems may have caused this psychosocial dilemma. The high level of social and family interaction provides opportunity for organized preventive ophthalmology, community health care services and psychosocial care.
描述一组盲人的人口统计学和心理社会问题，以吸引更多关注并提供可改善视障人士心理社会护理的数据。
使用自填式问卷（SRQ）对尼日利亚伊洛林的一群全盲人群进行横断面描述性研究。问卷由研究人员用当地语言口头发放。获得简单频率表并进行卡方检验以确定变量之间的显著差异。P值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
61名盲人患者同意参与。大多数参与者以街头乞讨为生。大多数受试者希望更换工作，表明对当前职业不满意。该队列中高达80%已婚，其配偶至少有一只眼睛失明。约三分之二的人有五个或更多孩子，大多数人与负责照顾他们个人卫生、做饭和行动的家庭成员住在一起。大多数人在童年时失明，16%有失明家族史，77%从未使用过传统眼保健服务，角膜疾病是最常见的失明原因。许多人担心他们的孩子也可能失明。31人（51%）在SRQ上得分≥5，被归类为可能的心理障碍病例。
大多数始于童年的失明病例可能是可预防的。正规康复和社会福利系统难以获得或失效可能导致了这种心理社会困境。高水平的社会和家庭互动为有组织的预防眼科、社区卫生保健服务和心理社会护理提供了机会。
