Shetty Ramya, Kulkarni Uma D
Department of Ophthalmology, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol. 2014 Apr-Jun;21(2):158-64. doi: 10.4103/0974-9233.129768.
Blindness is a devastating condition with psychosocial and economic effects. The shortcomings result in a burden to the blind person, the family and society. Rehabilitation of the blind can transform their lives. The aim of this study was to assess the "change-readiness" of the blind to undergo a "change-management".
The study was a semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire-based study of 50 blind subjects in a medical college hospital. The blind participants were assessed for depression using the Beck Depression Inventory II, for the perceived effect of blindness on family, social life and occupation. The participants were counseled to undergo psychiatric management, vocational training, use blind aids and learn Braille. The willingness of the participants with reasons was assessed using a verbal analogue scale. Pearson Chi-square test, ANOVA and the t-test were used for statistical analysis.
Over two-thirds of the subjects were depressed. Family life, social life and occupation were perceived to be affected by 44%, 66% and 74%, respectively. Change-readiness scores were low for low vision and blind aids, vocational training, psychiatric management, change of job and learning Braille. The low score was due to the associated taboo, dependence, lack of skills, embarrassment, etc., The most valuable feature was the family cohesiveness.
The results suggest that there is a need to modify health policy to include blind rehabilitation, to improve visibility of blind rehabilitation centers, to include family members and co-professionals while managing the blind so that we treat the "blind person" and not a "pair of blind eyes".
失明是一种具有心理社会和经济影响的灾难性状况。这些缺陷给盲人本人、家庭和社会带来了负担。盲人康复能够改变他们的生活。本研究的目的是评估盲人接受“变革管理”的“变革准备度”。
本研究是一项基于半结构化预测试问卷的研究，在一所医学院附属医院对50名盲人受试者进行调查。使用贝克抑郁量表第二版对盲人参与者的抑郁情况进行评估，评估失明对家庭、社会生活和职业的感知影响。为参与者提供心理咨询，建议他们接受精神科治疗、职业培训、使用盲用辅助器具并学习盲文。使用视觉模拟量表评估参与者的意愿及原因。采用Pearson卡方检验、方差分析和t检验进行统计分析。
超过三分之二的受试者患有抑郁症。家庭生活、社会生活和职业分别被认为受到影响的比例为44%、66%和74%。对于低视力和盲用辅助器具、职业培训、精神科治疗、更换工作和学习盲文，变革准备度得分较低。得分低的原因包括相关禁忌、依赖、缺乏技能、尴尬等。最有价值的特征是家庭凝聚力。
结果表明，有必要调整卫生政策以纳入盲人康复，提高盲人康复中心的知名度，在管理盲人时纳入家庭成员和其他专业人员，以便我们治疗的是“盲人个体”而非“一双盲眼”。
