Raniero Elaine P, Tudella Eloisa, Mattos Rosana S
Early Diagnosis and Intervention Program, Araraquara City Hall, Araraquara, SP, Brasil.
Rev Bras Fisioter. 2010 Sep-Oct;14(5):396-403.
this study aimed to characterize the pattern and rate of motor skill acquisition among preterm infants from newborn to four months corrected age, in comparison with a group of full-term infants.
twelve healthy preterm infants (mean gestational age=33.6 weeks ± 1.25) and 10 healthy full-term infants (mean gestational age=39.1 weeks ± 0.73) participated in the study. These infants were assessed monthly (0-4 months of age) using the Test of Infant Motor Performance (TIMP).
the motor performance pattern increased over the months in both groups, with variability in the total scores at all ages. The preterm group presented a higher mean score than shown by the full-term group between one and four months of age. In the full-term group, the motor acquisition rate was higher from age newborn to one month than from age three to four months. It was also found that the caregivers of the preterm infants began toy stimulation earlier than did the caregivers of the full-term infants. Both groups presented mean scores below the TIMP values.
the preterm infants presented a pattern of motor development similar to the typical pattern regarding the sequence of abilities achieved. The preterm infants also presented a faster rate during the neonate period at one month of age. This suggests that correction for prematurity is unnecessary for preterm infants with these characteristics and that follow-up programs should instruct parents and caregivers to begin stimulation with toys at one month of age, thereby providing early exploration of various motor skills.
本研究旨在描述早产婴儿从出生到矫正年龄四个月期间运动技能获得的模式和速度，并与一组足月儿进行比较。
12名健康早产婴儿（平均胎龄=33.6周±1.25）和10名健康足月儿（平均胎龄=39.1周±0.73）参与了本研究。这些婴儿在0至4个月大时每月使用婴儿运动表现测试（TIMP）进行评估。
两组婴儿的运动表现模式在几个月内均有所增加，各年龄段的总分存在差异。早产组在1至4个月大时的平均得分高于足月儿组。在足月儿组中，从出生到1个月大时的运动获得率高于3至4个月大时。还发现，早产婴儿的照顾者比足月儿的照顾者更早开始进行玩具刺激。两组的平均得分均低于TIMP值。
早产婴儿在获得能力的顺序方面呈现出与典型模式相似的运动发展模式。早产婴儿在1个月大的新生儿期也呈现出更快的速度。这表明，对于具有这些特征的早产婴儿，无需进行早产矫正，后续计划应指导父母和照顾者在婴儿1个月大时开始用玩具进行刺激，从而提供对各种运动技能的早期探索。
