儿童听力障碍的患病率。
Prevalence of hearing impairment in children at risk.
机构信息
Federal University of Minas Gerais, Clinic Hospital, Brazil.
出版信息
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2010 Nov-Dec;76(6):739-44. doi: 10.1590/S1808-86942010000600012.
UNLABELLED
Hearing impairment is prevalent in the general population; early intervention facilitates proper development.
AIM
To establish the prevalence of hearing impairment in infants at risk, born between June 2006 and July 2008, and to correlate the variables with hearing loss.
TYPE OF STUDY
descriptive and cross-sectional.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
188 newborns were evaluated using evoked otoacoustic emissions and distortion product and auditory behavior. Tests were repeated if the results were altered. If altered results persisted, the child was referred for impedance testing and, when necessary, for medical evaluation. Infants with normal conduction were referred for brainstem auditory evoked potential testing.
RESULTS
Of 188 children two (1.1%) were excluded, and 174 (92.6%) had results within normal limits. Hearing impairment was found in 12 children (6.3%); hearing loss was retrocochlear in three infants (25%). Unilateral hearing loss was present in two infants (16.7%); bilateral hearing loss was present in 10 infants (83.3%).
CONCLUSION
The high prevalence of hearing impairment in this population underlines the importance of early audiological testing.
目的：调查 2006 年 6 月至 2008 年 7 月间出生的高危婴儿的听力障碍发生率，并对其相关变量进行分析。
方法：对 188 例新生儿进行畸变产物耳声发射和听觉诱发电位测试。如果结果异常，重复测试。如果仍异常，对婴儿进行声导抗测试，必要时进行医学评估。听力正常的婴儿进行脑干听觉诱发电位测试。
结果：188 例新生儿中，2 例（1.1%）因其他原因被排除，174 例（92.6%）结果正常。12 例（6.3%）新生儿确诊为听力障碍，其中 3 例（25%）为蜗后病变。2 例（16.7%）为单侧听力损失，10 例（83.3%）为双侧听力损失。
结论：高危新生儿听力障碍的高发生率强调了早期听力测试的重要性。
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