脱髓鞘疾病中的病毒感染。

Virus infection in demyelinating diseases.

作者信息

ter Meulen V, Wege H

出版信息

Adv Exp Med Biol. 1978;100:383-94. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4684-2514-7_27.

Abstract

Several animal and human demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) are associated with RNA or DNA viruses. These viruses infect CNS cells lytically or persistently. They mainly belong to the group of envelope viruses which derive their envelope partly from the host cell membrane. The process of virus release may result in the appearance of new antigens of virus-infected cells or the incorporation of cell membrane material into the viral envelope. These changes may lead to an immune response which selectively injures the CNS. These alterations of host cell membranes and host cell functions, together with the immune mechanism, are central to many of the hypotheses regarding virus-induced demyelination. The role of virus infection in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, visna and mouse hepatitis virus infections, is discussed in relation to the demyelinating process of these diseases.

摘要

几种中枢神经系统（CNS）的动物和人类脱髓鞘疾病与RNA或DNA病毒有关。这些病毒以裂解或持续的方式感染中枢神经系统细胞。它们主要属于包膜病毒组，其包膜部分源自宿主细胞膜。病毒释放过程可能导致病毒感染细胞出现新抗原，或使细胞膜物质掺入病毒包膜。这些变化可能引发免疫反应，选择性地损伤中枢神经系统。宿主细胞膜和宿主细胞功能的这些改变，连同免疫机制，是许多关于病毒诱导脱髓鞘假说的核心。本文结合这些疾病的脱髓鞘过程，讨论了病毒感染在进行性多灶性白质脑病、亚急性硬化性全脑炎、维斯纳病和小鼠肝炎病毒感染中的作用。