Institut für Psychologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Emil-Figge-Strasse 50, 44227, Dortmund, Germany.
Psychol Res. 2011 Sep;75(5):393-405. doi: 10.1007/s00426-010-0317-0. Epub 2010 Dec 24.
The paper investigates the role of working memory for the translation of spatial stimuli into spatial responses. Performance is typically superior with compatible mapping between stimulus and response locations than with incompatible mapping (spatial-mapping effect). According to popular dual-route models, the spatial-mapping effect may arise from differences in the effectiveness of S-R translation, and/or from the effects of automatic response activation. Working-memory load should not affect the automatic route, but delay S-R translation in the incompatible condition, increasing the mapping effect under load. These predictions were tested in two dual-task experiments. Participants performed a spatial-compatibility task with compatible or incompatible S-R mapping, while memorizing different amounts of spatial (Experiment 1) or verbal (Experiment 2) information. In both experiments, working-memory load decreased the mapping effect, but did not eliminate it. Results are at odds with the dual-route account. An alternative explanation based on the response-discrimination account (Ansorge and Wühr in J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 30:365-377, 2004) is proposed.
本文研究了工作记忆在将空间刺激转化为空间反应中的作用。在刺激和反应位置之间具有兼容性映射的情况下，表现通常优于不具有兼容性映射的情况（空间映射效应）。根据流行的双通道模型，空间映射效应可能源于 S-R 转换的有效性差异，和/或源于自动反应激活的影响。工作记忆负荷不应影响自动途径，但在不兼容条件下会延迟 S-R 转换，从而增加负载下的映射效应。这两个预测在两个双任务实验中得到了检验。参与者在执行具有兼容或不兼容 S-R 映射的空间兼容性任务的同时，记忆不同数量的空间（实验 1）或言语（实验 2）信息。在这两个实验中，工作记忆负荷降低了映射效应，但并未消除它。结果与双通道模型不一致。基于反应辨别模型（Ansorge 和 Wühr 在 J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 30:365-377, 2004）提出了一种替代解释。
