Sonnby Karin, Åslund Cecilia, Leppert Jerzy, Nilsson Kent W
Centre for Clinical Research, Uppsala University, Central Hospital, 721 89 Västerås, and The Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Central Hospital, 721 89 Västerås, Sweden.
Nord J Psychiatry. 2011 Oct;65(5):315-22. doi: 10.3109/08039488.2010.545894. Epub 2010 Dec 28.
Symptoms of either attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or depression constitute the most common reasons for contact with child and adolescent psychiatry. The development of psychiatric symptoms can be explained by a combination of environmental stress events and genetic vulnerability. One common form of environmental stress with high impact on health is sexual abuse.
To investigate the prevalence and co-occurrence of symptoms of ADHD and depression in relation to experiences of sexual abuse in a large adolescent general population.
All 15- and 18-year-old students (n = 4910) in the Swedish county of Vestmanland answered a school-based screening instrument including the six-question ADHD self-rating scale (ASRS), the Depression Self-Rating Scale (DSRS) and questions relating to experiences of sexual abuse.
The prevalence of co-occurring symptoms of ADHD and depression was 2.4% (boys 1.0%, girls 3.9%). The prevalence of experience of any sexual abuse was 20.9% (boys 13.3%, girls 28.7%). Of those with co-occurring symptoms, 48% of the boys and 47% of the girls reported a history of sexual abuse.
School-based screening for co-occurring symptoms of ADHD and depression might be a method that identifies students at psychiatric and psychosocial risk.
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）或抑郁症的症状是儿童和青少年精神科就诊的最常见原因。精神症状的发展可以通过环境应激事件和遗传易感性的综合作用来解释。对健康有高度影响的一种常见环境应激形式是性虐待。
在一大群青少年普通人群中，调查与性虐待经历相关的ADHD和抑郁症症状的患病率及共病情况。
瑞典韦斯特曼兰郡所有15岁和18岁的学生（n = 4910）回答了一份基于学校的筛查问卷，其中包括六题ADHD自评量表（ASRS）、抑郁自评量表（DSRS）以及与性虐待经历相关的问题。
ADHD和抑郁症共病症状的患病率为2.4%（男孩1.0%，女孩3.9%）。任何性虐待经历的患病率为20.9%（男孩13.3%，女孩28.7%）。在有共病症状的人群中，48%的男孩和47%的女孩报告有性虐待史。
基于学校的ADHD和抑郁症共病症状筛查可能是一种识别有精神和心理社会风险学生的方法。
