2nd Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes, Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2011 Jan 1;16(5):1663-74. doi: 10.2741/3812.
Elevated blood glucose, obesity, high blood pressure, elevated triglycerides and low high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are well accepted risk factors in the development of coronary artery disease. Clustering of at least three of these factors in an individual is defined as metabolic syndrome (MetS). Obesity is a central pathological mechanism in the disease and it is expected that the incidence of this condition will increase dramatically within the next years. The visceral adipose tissue is not only an energy depot but also an endocrine organ which produces a large number of bioactive molecules, the so called adipokines. In the setting of obesity, the over-production of proinflammatory and pro-thrombotic adipokines is associated with insulin resistance. This mechanism represents the pathophysiological basis for the development of MetS. Inflammation has a central role in the pathogenesis of MetS and in mediating its impact on the development of cardiovascular disease. Knowledge of these mechanisms has relevance in the context of preventive and therapeutic strategies.
高血糖、肥胖、高血压、高甘油三酯和低高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇是公认的冠状动脉疾病发展的危险因素。至少有三种这些因素在个体中聚集被定义为代谢综合征（MetS）。肥胖是疾病的中心病理机制，预计这种情况的发病率在未来几年内将急剧增加。内脏脂肪组织不仅是一个能量储存库，也是一个产生大量生物活性分子的内分泌器官，即所谓的脂肪因子。在肥胖的情况下，促炎和促血栓形成脂肪因子的过度产生与胰岛素抵抗有关。这种机制代表了 MetS 发展的病理生理基础。炎症在 MetS 的发病机制中起着核心作用，并介导其对心血管疾病发展的影响。了解这些机制在预防和治疗策略方面具有相关性。
