Center of Excellence for Behavior Genetics, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
Br J Dev Psychol. 2011 Jun;29(Pt 2):214-33. doi: 10.1348/2044-835X.002004. Epub 2010 Nov 29.
An association between childhood gender atypical behaviour (GAB) and a negative parent-child relationship has been demonstrated in several studies, yet the causal relationship of this association is not fully understood. In the present study, different models of causation between childhood GAB and parent-child relationships were tested. Direction of causation modelling was applied to twin data from a population-based sample (n= 2,565) of Finnish 33- to 43-year-old twins. Participants completed retrospective self-report questionnaires. Five different models of causation were then fitted to the data: GAB → parent-child relationship, parent-child relationship → GAB, reciprocal causation, a bivariate genetic model, and a model assuming no correlation. It was found that a model in which GAB and quality of mother-child, and father-child relationship reciprocally affect each other best fitted the data. The findings are discussed in light of how we should understand, including causality, the association between GAB and parent-child relationship.
已有多项研究表明，儿童时期性别非典型行为（GAB）与不良的亲子关系之间存在关联，但这种关联的因果关系尚不完全清楚。本研究旨在检验儿童 GAB 与亲子关系之间不同的因果模型。采用来自芬兰 33 至 43 岁双胞胎的基于人群的双胞胎数据（n=2565），应用因果关系建模方法。参与者完成了回顾性自我报告问卷调查。然后将五种不同的因果模型应用于数据中：GAB→亲子关系、亲子关系→GAB、相互因果关系、双变量遗传模型和假设无相关性模型。结果发现，GAB 与母子关系和父子关系质量相互影响的模型最能拟合数据。该研究结果在理解 GAB 与亲子关系之间的关联，包括因果关系方面具有重要意义。
