Paek Kee Yoeup, Hahn Eun Joo, Park So Young
Research Center for the Development of Advanced Horticultural Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju, Republic of Korea.
Methods Mol Biol. 2011;710:293-306. doi: 10.1007/978-1-61737-988-8_20.
Phalaenopsis orchids have high economic value in the floriculture industry. Hybridization or cross-pollination in the breeding program have proven to be very reliable techniques for the production of a wide range of successful cultivars with attractive combinations of spray length, bud number, flower color and type, fragrance, seasonality, and compactness. In vitro propagation makes it possible to clonally mass propagate hybrids of commercial value and conserved species. However, in vitro culture technologies are still a challenge because of the slow growth of plantlets, low multiplication rate, poor rooting, and somaclonal variation. Although seed-raised plants can be used for conservation and breeding for the selection of superior features, genetic characteristics including seasonality, inflorescence, flower color, and type are not uniform. In this regard, micropropagation through protocorm-like bodies obtained from germinating embryos and somatic tissues is an important strategy in obtaining genetically stable plants and the improvement of quality. However, not all genotypes of Phalaenopsis respond to the same protocol under the same culture conditions and often result in the development of undesirable characteristics. In this chapter, plantlet production in Phalaenopsis orchids via the culture of protocorms from seeds and protocorm-like bodies from leaf sections and root tips are detailed.
蝴蝶兰在花卉产业中具有很高的经济价值。在育种计划中，杂交或异花授粉已被证明是非常可靠的技术，可用于培育出一系列成功的品种，这些品种具有吸引人的花茎长度、花蕾数量、花色和花型、香味、季节性和紧凑性组合。离体繁殖使得克隆大量繁殖具有商业价值的杂种和保育物种成为可能。然而，由于组培苗生长缓慢、增殖率低、生根差以及体细胞无性系变异，离体培养技术仍然是一个挑战。虽然种子繁殖的植株可用于保育和育种以选择优良性状，但包括季节性、花序、花色和花型在内的遗传特征并不一致。在这方面，通过从萌发的胚和体细胞组织获得的原球茎状球体进行微繁殖是获得遗传稳定植株和提高品质的重要策略。然而，并非所有蝴蝶兰基因型在相同培养条件下都对相同的方案有反应，并且常常导致不良性状的出现。在本章中，详细介绍了通过种子培养原球茎以及叶片和根尖培养原球茎状球体来生产蝴蝶兰组培苗的方法。
