印度尼西亚拉马勒拉的食物共享网络：互惠、亲属关系与距离
Food-Sharing Networks in Lamalera, Indonesia: Reciprocity, Kinship, and Distance.
作者信息
Nolin David A
机构信息
Carolina Population Center University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
出版信息
Hum Nat. 2010 Oct 1;21(3):243-268. doi: 10.1007/s12110-010-9091-3.
Exponential random graph modeling (ERGM) is used here to test hypotheses derived from human behavioral ecology about the adaptive nature of human food sharing. Respondents in all (n=317) households in the fishing and sea-hunting village of Lamalera, Indonesia were asked to name those households to whom they had more frequently given (and from whom they had more frequently received) food during the preceding sea-hunting season. The responses were used to construct a social network of between-household food-sharing relationships in the village. The results show that kinship, proximity, and reciprocal sharing all strongly increase the probability of giving food to a household. The effects of kinship and distance are relatively independent of each other, while reciprocity is more common among residentially and genealogically close households. The results show support for reciprocal altruism as a motivation for food sharing while kinship and distance appear to be important partner-choice criteria.
本文采用指数随机图模型（ERGM）来检验源自人类行为生态学的关于人类食物分享适应性本质的假设。在印度尼西亚拉马勒拉的渔业和海上狩猎村庄，对所有（n = 317）家庭的受访者进行询问，让他们说出在前一个海上狩猎季节中，他们更频繁给予食物（以及更频繁从其处获得食物）的家庭。这些回答被用于构建村庄内家庭间食物分享关系的社会网络。结果表明，亲属关系、居住距离和互惠分享都极大地增加了向某个家庭提供食物的可能性。亲属关系和居住距离的影响相对彼此独立，而互惠在居住和谱系关系较近的家庭中更为常见。结果表明，互惠利他行为是食物分享的一个动机，而亲属关系和居住距离似乎是重要的伙伴选择标准。
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