Santamaria L A, Santamaria A B
Camillo Golgi Institute of General Pathology, University of Pavia, Italy.
Med Oncol Tumor Pharmacother. 1990;7(2-3):153-67. doi: 10.1007/BF02988543.
Cancer chemoprevention with beta-carotene (BC), canthaxanthin (CX) and retinol-BC is reported with respect to skin, breast, gastric, colon carcinogeneses induced by benzo(a)pyrene (BP) with or without ultra violet radiation (UV-A, UV-B), dimethylbenzathracene (DMBA) +/- UVB, P-UVA, N-methyl-N'-N-nitro-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), dimethylhydrazine (DMH), and with respect to transplanted tumours. When animals were loaded with carotenoid supplementation one month before the carcinogenic induction (continued throughout the experiment), cancer prevention was observed up to 60-100%. The absence of provitamin A-activity in CX shows the carotenoid antioxidant property. Fifteen patients given BC + CX to prevent recurrences after radical removal of the primary neoplasia in organs like lung, breast, colon, urinary bladder, head and neck were studied in 1980-89. A longer than expected disease-free interval was preliminarily found. Supplementation of BC +/- retinol was also reported to prevent and treat oral leucoplakia. Supplementation and intermittent retinol administration was also tested in benign cyclical mastalgia with clear cut side effect free therapeutic results.
据报道，β-胡萝卜素（BC）、角黄素（CX）和视黄醇-BC对由苯并(a)芘（BP）单独或联合紫外线辐射（UV-A、UV-B）、二甲基苯并蒽（DMBA）+/-UVB、光化性紫外线A（P-UVA）、N-甲基-N'-硝基-N-亚硝基胍（MNNG）、二甲基肼（DMH）诱导的皮肤、乳腺、胃、结肠癌发生以及对移植肿瘤具有化学预防作用。当在致癌诱导前一个月给动物补充类胡萝卜素（整个实验过程持续补充）时，观察到癌症预防率高达60%-100%。CX缺乏维生素A原活性表明了类胡萝卜素的抗氧化特性。1980年至1989年对15例接受BC+CX以预防肺、乳腺、结肠、膀胱、头颈部等器官原发性肿瘤根治性切除后复发的患者进行了研究。初步发现无病生存期比预期更长。据报道，补充BC+/-视黄醇还可预防和治疗口腔白斑。在良性周期性乳腺疼痛中也测试了补充和间歇性给予视黄醇，治疗效果明显且无副作用。
