Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Naestved Hospital, Ringstedgade 61, 4700, Naestved, Denmark.
Ann Hematol. 2011 Apr;90(4):369-77. doi: 10.1007/s00277-010-1144-5. Epub 2011 Jan 8.
Anemia is a major global health problem, especially in developing countries. This fundamental health issue still has not been solved and continues to exist affecting the health, quality of life, and working capacity in billions of people all over the world. This paper gives a review on the prevalence and major causes of anemia seen on a global scale. Most cases of anemia are due to iron deficiency, which often work in symphony with folate deficiency and/or vitamin B12 deficiency as well as with infections. More efforts should be dedicated to tackle this massive problem--we have the tools, and we know the ways. Iron fortification of appropriate food items combined with iron supplements in specific population groups has proven to be efficient. Initially, the efforts should be centered on the specific risk groups for iron deficiency anemia, i.e., young children, adolescent females, women of reproductive age, as well as pregnant women and postpartum lactating mothers.
贫血是一个全球性的主要健康问题,尤其是在发展中国家。这个基本的健康问题仍未得到解决,继续影响着全世界数十亿人的健康、生活质量和工作能力。本文综述了全球范围内贫血的患病率和主要原因。大多数贫血病例是由于缺铁引起的,缺铁通常与叶酸缺乏和/或维生素 B12 缺乏以及感染同时发生。应该更加努力地解决这个重大问题——我们有工具,也知道方法。适当食物的铁强化以及特定人群的铁补充剂已被证明是有效的。最初,应将努力集中在缺铁性贫血的特定风险群体上,即幼儿、青春期少女、育龄妇女以及孕妇和产后哺乳期妇女。