Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2010 Dec;105(8):1033-9. doi: 10.1590/s0074-02762010000800013.
Over the last 20 years, there has been an increase in the number of leishmaniasis cases in Brazil. Belo Horizonte (BH) is one of the most highly populated Brazilian cities that is affected by visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The health services in BH are coordinated by a central nucleus that is subdivided into nine sanitary districts. Historically, the highest level of human VL cases was found in the northeast sanitary district (NSD). The objective of our study was to detect Leishmania infection in the phlebotomine sand flies collected in the NSD by dissection and molecular approaches. Following the occurrence of human VL cases in 2005, entomological captures were performed from July 2006-June 2007. Out of the 245 sand flies dissected, only three Lutzomyia longipalpis spp contained flagellates. The female sand flies were grouped into 120 pools according to date, collection site and species, with approximately 10 individual sand flies in each pool. Subsquently, the DNA was extracted and Leishmania spp and other parasites were detected and identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorfism. Leishmania infantum was present in at least 19% of the Lu. longipalpis collected, in 3.8% of the Nyssomiya whitmani collected, in 33.3% of the Evandromiya termitophila collected and in 14.3% of the Nyssomiya intermedia collected. When the females of the cortelezzii complex were compared with each other, 3.2% of the females were infected with Leishmania braziliensis, whereas 3.2% of the females were infected with trypanosomatids.
在过去的 20 年中，巴西的利什曼病病例数量有所增加。贝洛奥里藏特（Belo Horizonte，BH）是巴西人口最多的城市之一，受到内脏利什曼病（VL）的影响。BH 的卫生服务由一个中央核心协调，分为九个卫生区。从历史上看，东北部卫生区（NSD）发现的人类 VL 病例数量最高。我们的研究目的是通过解剖和分子方法检测在 NSD 采集的白蛉沙蝇中的利什曼原虫感染。2005 年发生人类 VL 病例后，于 2006 年 7 月至 2007 年 6 月进行了昆虫学捕获。在解剖的 245 只白蛉沙蝇中，只有 3 只长刺白蛉属含有鞭毛体。根据日期、采集地点和物种，将雌性沙蝇分为 120 个池，每个池约有 10 只沙蝇。随后，提取 DNA，通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）和 PCR-限制性片段长度多态性检测和鉴定利什曼原虫种和其他寄生虫。至少在收集的长刺白蛉属中发现 19%的 Lu. longipalpis 携带利什曼原虫，在收集的 Nyssomiya whitmani 中发现 3.8%，在收集的 Evandromiya termitophila 中发现 33.3%，在收集的 Nyssomiya intermedia 中发现 14.3%。当 cortelezzii 复合体的雌性相互比较时，发现 3.2%的雌性感染了巴西利什曼原虫，而 3.2%的雌性感染了锥虫。
