Randolph Christopher
Department of Neurology, Loyola University Medical Center, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA.
Curr Sports Med Rep. 2011 Jan-Feb;10(1):21-6. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0b013e318207831d.
Baseline neuropsychological testing is mandated at various levels of play for hundreds of thousands of athletes each year. This paper reviews the risks associated with sport-related concussion, and the clinical validity and reliability data for the most commonly used baseline test, the ImPACT program. There is no evidence to suggest that the use of baseline testing alters any risk from sport-related concussion, nor is there even a good rationale as to how such tests might influence outcome. Given the poor sensitivity and low reliability of these measures, they have an associated high false negative rate (i.e., classifying a player's neurocognitive status is normal, when in fact, it is not). The use of baseline neuropsychological testing, therefore, is not likely to diminish risk, and to the extent that there is a risk associated with "premature" return-to-play, the use of these measures even may increase that risk in some cases.
每年，数十万名运动员在各级比赛中都被要求进行基线神经心理学测试。本文回顾了与运动相关脑震荡相关的风险，以及最常用的基线测试——ImPACT项目的临床有效性和可靠性数据。没有证据表明使用基线测试会改变与运动相关脑震荡的任何风险，甚至也没有一个合理的理由来解释这些测试可能如何影响结果。鉴于这些测量方法的敏感性差和可靠性低，它们具有较高的假阴性率（即，将运动员的神经认知状态分类为正常，而实际上并非如此）。因此，使用基线神经心理学测试不太可能降低风险，而且在存在与“过早”重返赛场相关的风险的情况下，在某些情况下使用这些测试甚至可能增加这种风险。
