Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, Psychology Building, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
J Pers. 2012 Feb;80(1):33-58. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2011.00714.x.
The consistency of individual differences across time has implications for theory building and clinical applications. Indeed, personality psychologists have long worked to place constructs on the continuum of consistency of more trait-like to more state-like constructs. Recently, Chmielewski and Watson () highlighted the importance of dependability coefficients for interpreting the results of stability studies. These coefficients provide an estimate of how strongly short-term transient error affects retest correlations for a given measure. In this article, we use a modified version of Kenny and Zautra's (, ) STARTS model to estimate dependability of personality, life satisfaction, and affect in a 2-month longitudinal study of 8 waves. Results from 226 undergraduate students indicated that personality ratings were least influenced by transient state factors, whereas affect was most influenced. We discuss these findings in terms of their implications for the continuum of consistency and for the practical issue of selecting retest intervals for dependability analyses.
个体差异在时间上的一致性对理论构建和临床应用具有重要意义。事实上，人格心理学家长期以来一直致力于将更具特质性的构念置于一致性的连续体上，而不是更具状态性的构念。最近，Chmielewski 和 Watson（）强调了可靠性系数在解释稳定性研究结果方面的重要性。这些系数提供了一个估计，即短期瞬态误差对给定测量的重测相关性的影响程度。在本文中，我们使用 Kenny 和 Zautra（，）的 STARTS 模型的修改版本，在一项 8 波 2 个月的纵向研究中估计人格、生活满意度和情感的可靠性。来自 226 名本科生的结果表明，人格评定受瞬态状态因素的影响最小，而情感受影响最大。我们根据这些发现对一致性连续体及其可靠性分析重测间隔选择的实际问题的意义进行了讨论。
