Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, United Kingdom.
Res Dev Disabil. 2011 Jul-Aug;32(4):1301-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2010.12.021. Epub 2011 Jan 15.
In two experiments, we used an automatic car simulator to examine the steering control, speed regulation and response to hazards of young adults with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and limited driving experience. In Experiment 1 participants either used the accelerator pedal to regulate their speed, or used the brake pedal when they needed to slow down from a pre-set speed. In Experiment 2, we introduced an auditory distraction condition that shared similarities with maintaining a conversation. Overall, the DCD group produced a larger variance in heading and needed more steering adjustments on straight roads, compared to age-matched controls. When turning bends, the DCD group showed greater difficulty in controlling steering while regulating their speed with the accelerator pedal but this was less problematic when using the brake. The DCD group also responded slower than the control group to pedestrians who walked towards their path. The auditory distraction in Experiment 2 had no visible effects on steering control but increased the reaction times to pedestrians in both groups. We discuss the results in terms of the visuomotor control in steering and the learning of optimal mappings between optic flow and vehicle control.
在两项实验中，我们使用自动汽车模拟器来研究年轻的发育性协调障碍（DCD）患者和驾驶经验有限的个体的转向控制、速度调节和对危险的反应能力。在实验 1 中，参与者要么使用油门踏板来调节速度，要么在需要从预设速度减速时使用刹车踏板。在实验 2 中，我们引入了一种与保持对话相似的听觉干扰条件。总的来说，与年龄匹配的对照组相比，DCD 组在行驶方向上的变化更大，在直道上需要更多的转向调整。在转弯时，DCD 组在使用油门踏板调节速度的同时，在转向控制方面表现出更大的困难，但使用刹车时，这个问题就不那么严重了。DCD 组对走向他们行驶路径的行人的反应也比对照组慢。实验 2 中的听觉干扰对转向控制没有明显影响，但增加了两组行人的反应时间。我们根据转向时的视觉运动控制以及光流和车辆控制之间的最佳映射学习来讨论结果。
