Institute for Therapy and Health Research, IFT-Nord, Harmsstrasse 2, 24114 Kiel, Germany.
Pediatrics. 2011 Feb;127(2):e271-8. doi: 10.1542/peds.2010-2934. Epub 2011 Jan 17.
To test the specificity of the association between cigarette advertising and adolescent smoking initiation.
A longitudinal survey of 2102 adolescents, aged 10 to 17 years at baseline, who never smoked was conducted by using masked images of 6 cigarette advertisements and 8 other commercial products with all brand information digitally removed. The exposure variable was a combination of contact frequency and cued recall of brands for cigarette and other advertisements. Multilevel mixed-effects Poisson regressions were used to assess smoking initiation 9 months after the baseline assessment as a function of cigarette-advertisement exposure, other advertisement exposure, and baseline covariates.
Thirteen percent (n = 277) of students initiated smoking during the observation period. Although the incidence of trying smoking was associated with increased exposure to cigarette advertisements (10% in the low, 12% in the medium, and 19% in the high cigarette-advertisement exposure tertile initiated smoking), exposure to other advertisements did not predict smoking initiation. Compared with low exposure to cigarette advertisements, high exposure remained a significant predictor of adolescent smoking initiation after controlling for baseline covariates (adjusted relative risk: 1.46 [95% confidence interval: 1.08-1.97]; P < .05).
Our results support the notion of a content-related effect of cigarette advertisements and underlines the specificity of the relationship between tobacco marketing and teen smoking; exposure to cigarette advertisements, but not other advertisements, is associated with smoking initiation.
检验香烟广告与青少年开始吸烟之间关联的特异性。
采用掩蔽的 6 个香烟广告和 8 个其他商业产品图像对从未吸烟的 2102 名 10 至 17 岁的青少年进行了一项纵向调查，所有品牌信息都已从这些图像中数字去除。暴露变量是香烟和其他广告的接触频率和品牌提示回忆的组合。使用多层混合效应泊松回归，根据基线评估后 9 个月的吸烟起始情况，评估香烟广告暴露、其他广告暴露以及基线协变量的作用。
在观察期间，13%（n = 277）的学生开始吸烟。尽管尝试吸烟的发生率与增加接触香烟广告有关（低暴露组为 10%，中暴露组为 12%，高暴露组为 19%），但接触其他广告并不能预测吸烟起始。在控制了基线协变量后，与低水平的香烟广告暴露相比，高水平的香烟广告暴露仍然是青少年吸烟起始的显著预测因素（调整后的相对风险：1.46[95%置信区间：1.08-1.97]；P<.05）。
我们的结果支持香烟广告具有与内容相关的影响的观点，并强调了烟草营销与青少年吸烟之间关系的特异性；接触香烟广告，而不是其他广告，与吸烟起始有关。
