利用埃及精油防治产蛆蝇，丝光绿蝇。

Control of the myiasis-producing fly, Lucilia sericata, with Egyptian essential oils.

机构信息

Department of Parasitology, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.

出版信息

Int J Dermatol. 2011 Feb;50(2):187-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2010.04656.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2010.04656.x

PMID:21244384

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Myiasis caused by Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) is widely distributed throughout the world and affects both humans and animals. In addition, L. sericata larvae and adults may play a role in spreading causal agents of mycobacterial infections. Therefore, it is important to establish new and safe alternative methods of controlling this blowfly.

METHODS

The insecticidal effectiveness of four commercially available essential oils [lettuce (Lactuca sativa), chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla), anise (Pimpinella anisum), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)] against third larval instars of L. sericata was evaluated. The effects of sublethal concentrations of these oils on pupation rates, adult emergences, sex ratios, and morphological anomalies were also determined.

RESULTS

The oils were highly toxic to L. sericata larvae, with median lethal concentrations (LC(50) ) of 0.57%, 0.85%, 2.74%, and 6.77% for lettuce, chamomile, anise, and rosemary oils, respectively. Pupation rates were markedly decreased after treatment with 8% lettuce oil, and adult emergence was suppressed by 2% lettuce and chamomile oils. Morphological abnormalities were recorded after treatment with all tested oils, and lettuce was the major cause of deformation. There was a predominance of males over females (4 : 1) after treatment with lower concentrations of chamomile and rosemary; such a skew toward males would lead to a population decline.

CONCLUSIONS

The four tested oils are inexpensive and may represent new botanical insecticides for controlling blowflies.

摘要

背景

丝光绿蝇（双翅目：丽蝇科）引起的蝇蛆病广泛分布于世界各地，可感染人类和动物。此外，丝光绿蝇幼虫和成虫可能在传播分枝杆菌感染的病原体方面发挥作用。因此，建立新的、安全的控制这种丽蝇的替代方法非常重要。

方法

评估了四种市售的精油（生菜、甘菊、茴香、迷迭香）对第三龄丝光绿蝇幼虫的杀虫效果。还确定了这些油的亚致死浓度对化蛹率、成虫羽化率、性别比例和形态异常的影响。

结果

这些油对丝光绿蝇幼虫具有高度毒性，生菜、甘菊、茴香和迷迭香精油的 LC 50 值分别为 0.57%、0.85%、2.74%和 6.77%。用 8%生菜油处理后，化蛹率显著降低，用 2%生菜和甘菊油处理后，成虫羽化率受到抑制。用所有测试的油处理后都记录到形态异常，生菜是造成变形的主要原因。用较低浓度的甘菊和迷迭香处理后，雌雄比例为 4：1，偏向雄性，这将导致种群数量下降。