International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya.
Trop Med Int Health. 2011 Apr;16(4):447-57. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2011.02726.x. Epub 2011 Jan 19.
To describe the daily survival rate, biting habits, feeding behaviour, sporozoite and entomological inoculation rates of Anopheles species and their relative contribution to Plasmodium falciparum transmission in large-scale oil palm-growing zones in Cameroon.
Entomological surveys by employing human-landing catches, both indoors and outdoors, two nights per month for 12 months from October 2004.
A total of 2485 Anopheles were collected and four species recorded: An. funestus, An. hancocki, An. gambiae s.s. and An. nili. There was substantial indoors to outdoors variation and seasonality in the distribution of the Anopheles population. All four species showed similar nocturnal biting patterns and were sympatrically involved in malaria transmission simultaneously or replacing each other seasonally. Their constant presence throughout the year and longevity suggest that transmission can occur at any time if parasite reservoirs are present in the area. The circumsporozoite protein rates were 5.8%, 6.3%, 8.4% and 4.1%; mean anthropophilic rates were 97.1%, 94.5%, 73.9% and 77.6%, respectively, for An. funestus, An. gambiae s.l, An. nili and An. hancocki. The annual entomological inoculation rate was 1077 infectious bites per person. Of those An. gambiae specimens testing positive for P. falciparum sporozoites, 69.01% were M form and 30.99% were S form.
Any vector control strategy intending to significantly reduce the malaria burden in the palm estate will have to take into account entomological heterogeneity in addition to ecological and socio-economic multiplicity.
描述喀麦隆大规模油棕种植区按蚊的日存活率、叮咬习性、摄食行为、子孢子率和昆虫接种率及其对恶性疟原虫传播的相对贡献。
2004 年 10 月开始，每月进行两次夜间人饵捕获，每次持续两晚，每月共捕获 12 晚，连续 12 个月进行昆虫学调查。
共采集到 2485 只按蚊，记录到 4 种：冈比亚按蚊、辛普森按蚊、海氏按蚊和 A. funestus。按蚊种群的分布存在大量室内到室外的变化和季节性。所有 4 种按蚊均表现出相似的夜间叮咬模式，并同时或季节性地共生参与疟疾传播。它们全年持续存在且寿命较长，表明如果该地区存在寄生虫库，传播可能随时发生。环子孢子蛋白率分别为 5.8%、6.3%、8.4%和 4.1%；冈比亚按蚊、冈比亚按蚊复合体、A. nili 和 A. hancocki 的平均嗜人率分别为 97.1%、94.5%、73.9%和 77.6%。年昆虫接种率为每人 1077 次感染性叮咬。在检测到恶性疟原虫子孢子的 A. gambiae 标本中，69.01%为 M 型，30.99%为 S 型。
任何旨在显著降低棕榈种植园中疟疾负担的病媒控制策略，除了考虑生态和社会经济多样性外，还必须考虑昆虫学的异质性。
