Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Computational Sciences, Debre Tabor, Amhara, Ethiopia.
Department of Zoological Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2022 Feb 4;17(2):e0263295. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263295. eCollection 2022.
The intensity of malaria transmission is measured by parous rate, daily survival rate, human blood meal frequency, sporozoite rate, and entomological inoculation rates. Female parous status is a key index of vector competence, adult vector longevity, recruitment rate of adult, and the length of a gonotrophic cycle. Hence, the present study was aimed to investigate the parous rate and the longevity of Anopheles mosquitoes in Bure District, Northwestern Ethiopia. Parous rate was estimated as the number of mosquitoes with parous ovaries divided by the number of females dissected multiplied by 100. Mosquito life expectancy (longevity as d) was estimated by. One way- ANOVA was applied to confirm the presence of parous rate difference in the villages (p < 0.05). A total of 952 unfed hosts-seeking Anopheles mosquitoes was dissected for parous rate determination. The overall parous rate of An. arabiensis in the district was 52.0%, and the highest parous rate was recorded in Shnebekuma than other villages (F 2, 33 = 6.974; p = 0.003). Similarly, the parous rate of An. cinereus showed significant variation among villages (F 2, 33 = 5.044, p = 0.012) and the highest rate (63.0%) was recorded in Bukta. The mean longevity of An. funestus, An. arabiensis, An. coustani, An. squamosus, An. pharoensis, and An. cinereus was 6.5 days, 4.6 days, 3.5 days, 3.7 days, 2.7 days, and 2.2 days, respectively. The longevity of each species was not sufficient to complete the life cycle of malaria parasite for malaria transmission throughout the year because P. falciparum requires from 12-14 day.
疟疾传播的强度通过产仔率、日存活率、人类血液摄食频率、孢子率和昆虫接种率来衡量。雌性产仔状况是媒介效能、成蚊寿命、成蚊补充率和配子生殖周期长度的关键指标。因此，本研究旨在调查埃塞俄比亚西北部布勒区的疟蚊产仔率和寿命。产仔率通过产仔卵巢的蚊子数量除以解剖的雌性蚊子数量再乘以 100 来估计。蚊子预期寿命（以天数计）通过. 单因素方差分析用于确认村庄中产仔率的差异（p<0.05）。共解剖了 952 只未进食的宿主寻找疟蚊以确定产仔率。该地区安氏按蚊的总产仔率为 52.0%，Shnebekuma 村的产仔率最高，高于其他村庄（F2,33=6.974；p=0.003）。同样，安氏按蚊的产仔率在村庄之间存在显著差异（F2,33=5.044，p=0.012），最高产仔率（63.0%）出现在 Bukta 村。安氏库蚊、安氏按蚊、安氏库蚊、安氏按蚊、安氏疟蚊和安氏按蚊的平均寿命分别为 6.5 天、4.6 天、3.5 天、3.7 天、2.7 天和 2.2 天。由于恶性疟原虫需要 12-14 天，每种物种的寿命都不足以完成疟疾寄生虫的整个生命周期，因此无法全年传播疟疾。
